Edexcel A Level Psychology Paper 3 June 2025 question paper 9PS0/03

Explain one conclusion that could be made from the data in Figure 1 in terms of the quantity of screen use.

Calculate the percentage of studies that found children’s language skills to be greater than the mean of 100, out of all the studies which considered quantity of screen use.

You must give your answer to one decimal place.

SPACE FOR CALCULATIONS

There were 10 studies which considered the quality of screen use and language skills. The results concerning time spent viewing educational content are shown in Table 1.

Explain one conclusion that could be made from the data in Table 1 in terms of the quality of screen use.

There were 6 studies which considered the onset of screen use and language skills. The results concerning the age the children first began viewing screens are shown in Table 2.

Explain one conclusion that could be made from the data in Table 2 in terms of the onset of screen use.

All of the research studies considered by the researchers had been through the process of peer review.

Explain one strength and one weakness of using studies that had been through the peer review process in the screen use and language skills study.

Strength

Mobile phone use and well-being study

Researchers wanted to investigate the influence of mobile phone use on the self‑reported well-being of participants.

The researchers reported that about 95% of Americans own a mobile phone and that extensive use of mobile phones is considered negative. Previous research had suggested mixed results regarding mobile phone use and well-being.

To assess the influence of mobile phone use on well-being, researchers from a German university recruited German speaking participants using volunteer sampling. Participants were asked to answer an online questionnaire measuring mobile phone use, satisfaction with life, and well-being.

For all measures, participants answered a number of statements using ranked (Likert) scales from 1 (strongly disagree) to 7 (strongly agree):

• ‘Mobile phone use’ – assessed problematic phone use within the past two weeks, with statements such as ‘I have gone to bed later and slept less because I was using my mobile phone’. Each participant’s overall mobile phone use was scored from 0–44, where a high score related to extremely problematic mobile phone use.

• ‘Satisfaction with life’ – assessed how far participants were happy with their current life, with statements such as ‘In most ways my life is close to my ideal’. Each participant’s overall satisfaction with life was scored from 5–35, where a high score related to extremely high satisfaction with life.

• ‘Well-being’ – assessed how far participants were happy with their current physical and mental health, with statements such as ‘I am a happy person’. Each participant’s overall well‑being was scored from 0–25, where a high score related to extremely high well-being.

The researchers gathered the results and performed correlation analysis on their data.

(Source: adapted from Volkmer and Lermer (2019))

The results of the mobile phone use and well-being study are shown in Table 3.

Calculate the mean score for the participants’ satisfaction with life using the data in Table 3. You must give your answer to one decimal place.

The researchers in the mobile phone use and well-being study used primary data.

Explain one weakness of using primary data for the mobile phone use and well‑being study.

Explain one strength and one weakness of using correlational research for the mobile phone use and well-being study.

Strength

Weakness

Preschool children and PE study

A researcher wanted to investigate the role of the teacher in preschool children’s activity levels.

They visited different preschools in Hong Kong and observed a physical education (PE) lesson with children at preschool, aged 4 to 6 years old.

The PE lesson consisted of a highly structured 30-minute lesson which was repeated over 4 consecutive weeks. During the first two lessons, the children learned the routine and during the final two lessons, the children practised the routine. The researchers observed the children in the final lesson on the fourth week.

The teachers were split into two groups:

• More active – the teacher took more than 900 steps per lesson and gave praise throughout for physical activity.

• Less active – the teacher took less than 900 steps per lesson and did not give praise for physical activity.

The teachers and the children had their body weight and height measured before the study to determine their body mass index (BMI). The more active teachers had a lower BMI, but there were no significant differences in the children.

To measure the physical activity, a pedometer was used for teachers and children. A pedometer records the number of steps taken.

(Source: adapted from Cheung (2020))

The results of the preschool children and PE study are shown in Table 5.

Explain one practical application of the preschool children and PE study, using the data from Table 5.

Using research evidence, explain how far social learning theory can account for the findings of the preschool children and PE study.

Evaluate Rosenhan (1973) and Raine et al. (1997) in terms of ethical issues.

Kristie is at school in her biology class, sitting next to her friend Dominique. Dominique regularly cheats on class tests and Kristie has witnessed this but always does her tests honestly. The teacher announces the class will have a progress test the next week.

Dominique is very popular and frequently tells other students what to do and they always follow what she says. Recently, she told Kristie to trip up another student as they were going down the stairs and she did so. As a result, Dominique invited Kristie to an exclusive party.

Dominique sees the biology teacher leave a copy of the forthcoming progress test on her desk as they leave the lesson. When they are alone, Dominique tells Kristie to sneak into the biology teacher’s classroom during lunchtime and take photos of the forthcoming progress test. She tells Kristie that if she does, she will be rewarded like she was previously.

Kristie sneaks into the classroom and gets caught when taking photos of the test by the biology teacher. When asked why she has done this, Kristie says she was only following what another student told her to do.

Evaluate the extent to which human behaviour, such as the events at Kristie’s school, can be explained by social psychology.

You must make reference to the context in your answer.

Assess how psychological understanding has developed over time, with reference to any two of the following applications to psychology:

• Clinical psychology

• Criminological psychology

• Child psychology

• Health psychology.