OCR A Level Psychology Research methods June 2025 question paper H567/01

In which type of observation are the participants aware they are being watched/studied?

A controlled

B covert

C naturalistic

D overt

Which symbol means ‘much greater than’?

A <

B < <

C >

D > >

A study investigated if there was a difference in memory for a list of 30 words. The same participants were assessed at 9am and again at 9pm. Memory was measured as a score out of 30.

Which inferential statistical test would be used to analyse the data from this study?

A Binomial Sign test

B Chi-square

C Mann-Whitney U test

D Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test

Which scatter diagram displays no correlation?

A scatter diagram A

B scatter diagram B

C scatter diagram C

D scatter diagram D

Which section of a practical report would not include details of any findings?

A abstract

B discussion

C method

D results

Which of these is an ethical consideration that involves telling participants about details of the study after they have participated?

A confidentiality

B debrief

C informed consent

D withdrawal

What does N refer to in this table of critical values for the Mann-Whitney U test?

A degrees of freedom

B direction of hypothesis

C number of participants

D probability level

Calculate the range for the following data set.

Which of these core studies involved the use of secondary data?

A Freud (1909) Little Hans

B Grant et al. (1998) Context-dependent memory

C Loftus and Palmer (1974) Eyewitness testimony

D Moray (1959) Auditory attention

Which of these core studies reported on the average score of a cognitive ability?

A Blakemore and Cooper (1970) Impact of early visual experience

B Bocchiaro et al. (2012) Disobedience and whistle-blowing

C Chaney et al. (2004) Funhaler study

D Gould (1982) A nation of morons – Bias in IQ testing

If the variance of a set of data from 10 participants is 33.64, what is the standard deviation?

A 3.4

B 5.8

C 58

D 336.4

Which part of the research design process does the following question relate to?

‘What effect does social media have on your mind?’

A the aim

B the hypothesis

C the proposal

D the research question

Which of these is the correct way to reference Milgram’s (1963) study of obedience using the Harvard system?

A Milgram, S. (1963) Behavioral study of obedience Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 67, (4), 371–8

B Milgram, S. Behavioral study of obedience (1963) Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 67, (4), 371–8

C S. Milgram, (1963) Behavioral study of obedience Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 67, (4), 371–8

D S. Milgram, Behavioral study of obedience (1963) Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 67, (4), 371–8

Which type of validity refers to research that appears to be studying/measuring what it claims to be?

A criterion

B ecological

C face

D population

When report writing, how are the details of previous researchers’ work recorded in the references section?

A alphabetically by researcher’s surname

B date order (with the most recent publication first)

C most frequently cited research presented first

D relevance to the research being reported (with most relevant first)

Which of these is a feature of unstructured interviews?

A it has to include semantic differential scales

B it has topics to cover rather than fixed questions

C only closed questions are used

D participants are chosen randomly

Which of these is a key characteristic of a field experiment?

A it has a naturally occurring independent variable

B it has more than one dependent variable

C it takes place in a natural setting

D it takes place outdoors

From Bandura et al.’s (1961) study into transmission of aggression:

Which variables did the researchers correlate to check inter-rater reliability?

A aggression scores of girls and boys

B number of aggressive acts by models and children

C number of observers and number of aggressive acts observed

D ratings of aggression by two observers

How was the setting controlled in the final observation room?

A the children observed the same model

B the children were only allowed to play for 2 minutes

C the observers stood in the same place in the room

D the toys were placed in the same position for each participant

Um, erm and ah

Disfluencies are disruptions in the flow of spoken language, including stuttering and hesitations, such as ‘um’, ‘erm’ and ‘ah’. These often indicate emotions, such as feelings of anxiety and distress. A psychologist wants to investigate this further by conducting a correlation study to see if there is a relationship between the disfluencies a person makes and how anxious they feel while making a public speech.

20 Write a null hypothesis for this study.

21* Explain how you would conduct a correlation study to investigate if there is a relationship between the disfluencies a person makes and how anxious they feel while making a public speech. Justify your decisions as part of your explanation.

You must refer to:

• how you would use self-selected sampling to obtain participants for the study

• how you would operationalise the variable ‘disfluencies’

• how you would operationalise the variable ‘anxiety’

• the control of one extraneous variable.

You should use your own experience of practical activities to inform your response.

Outline one strength and one weakness of conducting this study using the correlation technique.

Outline one weakness of using self-selected sampling in this study.

Outline one ethical consideration that could be taken into account in this study.

Outline two ways the validity of the data collected in this study could have been affected.

Stress

Stress can affect everyone, but not always in the same way and it is not always caused by the same thing.

A psychologist conducted a study of 120 people (60 males, 60 females) aged 16 to 65 using the self-report method to investigate people’s experience of stress.

Some of the data collected is presented in Table 1 and Table 2.

26

(a) Sketch a fully labelled pie chart showing the data displayed in Table 1.

Outline two conclusions from the data presented in this pie chart.

Use the data in Table 2 to calculate the percentage of people who answered ‘yes’ to the question ‘Do you think stress can be a good thing?’ Show your working. Write your answer to two significant figures.

Table 2

Outline one reason why the Chi-square test would be the appropriate inferential statistical test to analyse the data in Table 2.

Table 3 shows the data from Table 2 with expected frequencies (E values) provided in bold and in brackets.

Table 3

Formula for Chi-Square test

Use the formula provided to calculate the value of Chi-square for this data. Use two decimal places for all calculations. Show your working.

Explain what p < 0.05 would mean as part of the significance statement for the analysis of this data.

Outline one way that using a self-report method increases the reliability of the data collected in this study.

Outline one way that using a self-report method decreases the reliability of the data collected in this study.

Outline one strength and one weakness of using nominal data in this study.