OCR A Level Psychology Psychological themes through core studies November 2021 question paper H567/02

Identify the dependent variable in Maguire et al.’s (2000) study into the brains of taxi drivers.

Give two ways in which the taxi drivers and the control group were matched in this study.

Outline one strength of the type of data collected in this study.

Chaney et al. (2004) used a repeated measures design in their Funhaler study.

Explain how this design was used.

Outline one strength of using a repeated measures design in this study.

Briefly discuss the extent to which Kohlberg’s (1968) study into moral development may be considered ethnocentric.

Explain one way in which the procedure of Grant et al.’s (1998) study into memory increased the reliability of the research.

Outline one conclusion that was drawn from this study.

Outline the apparatus used in Moray’s (1959) study into attention.

Outline one weakness of using an experimental method in this study.

Explain how the procedure from Piliavin et al.’s (1969) study relates to the key theme of responses to people in need.

Levine et al. (2001) carried out a study into responses to people in need.

Give two results from this study.

Explain why this study can be described as a quasi experiment.

Outline two defining principles and concepts of the developmental area.

Explain how Lee et al.’s (1997) study into lying and truth-telling relates to these principles and concepts.

Describe one application of the developmental area.

Consider the strengths and weaknesses of the developmental area in psychology.

* Discuss the individual/situational debate in psychology. Use examples of research from the developmental area to support your answer.

The changing view of homosexuality

In the 1950s and 1960s, some therapists used aversion therapy in an attempt to cure male homosexuality which they saw as an illness. This typically involved showing pictures of naked men to patients while giving them electric shocks or drugs to make them vomit. These methods proved entirely ineffective.

Homosexuality was listed as a mental disorder when the first American list of disorders (DSM) was published in 1968. In 1973, the American Psychiatric Society who publish this list voted on whether they believed homosexuality to be a mental disorder. 5845 psychiatrists voted to remove it from DSM and 3810 voted to keep it.

Homosexuality was removed but replaced with ‘sexual orientation disturbance’ for people ‘in conflict with’ their sexual orientation.

Finally, in 1987, homosexuality was completely taken out of the list.

Meanwhile, the World Health Organisation only removed homosexuality from its classification (the ICD-10) published in 1992.

This highlights that concepts of mental disorder can rapidly evolve as society changes.

Outline what is meant by socially sensitive research and explain how it may apply to this article.

Outline the procedure used in Chaney et al.’s (2004) Funhaler study and briefly explain how this relates to the use of aversion therapy for homosexuality.

Describe the free will/determinism debate and explain how it can be applied to this article.

Using your knowledge of psychology, suggest ways in which people can be encouraged to show more tolerance towards individuals who are homosexual.

Evaluate the suggestions you have made in part (d) with reference to themes and debates

you have studied in psychology.