OCR A Level Psychology Psychological themes through core studies June 2023 question paper H567/02

Explain how Milgram’s (1963) study into obedience may be considered ethnocentric.

Describe the procedure used in Piliavin et al.’s (1969) Subway Samaritan study.

Describe the background to Hancock et al.’s (2011) study into the language of psychopaths.

Outline three different results from Blakemore and Cooper’s (1970) study into the impact of early visual experience.

In Grant et al.’s (1998) study on memory, why was the short-answer test taken before the multiple-choice test?

Explain one difference between Experiment 1 of Moray’s (1959) study into attention and Simons and Chabris’ (1999) study into inattention.

Explain one similarity between Experiment 1 of Moray’s (1959) study into attention and Simons and Chabris’ (1999) study into inattention.

Outline one strength and one weakness of the type of data collected by Kohlberg (1968) in his study of moral development.

Explain one way Lee et al. (1997) attempted to ensure the reliability of their study into lying and truth-telling.

Explain two defining principles or concepts of the individual differences area.

Outline what is meant by the concept of holism and how this relates to the individual differences area.

Describe one application and explain how it is linked to the individual differences area.

Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the individual differences area.

* Discuss ethical considerations in psychological research. Support your answer using core studies from both the individual differences area and one

other area.

Evidence suggests social media use is associated with poor mental health in young people. This paper assesses whether social media use is associated with young people’s symptoms of depression.

Methods: We used population-based data from the UK Millennium Cohort research on 10 904 14-year-olds. Statistical analysis was used to examine correlations between social media use and depressive symptoms.

Findings: Greater social media use related to both higher levels of online harassment and lower levels of self-esteem; in turn these related to higher depressive symptom scores. Correlations between social media use and depressive symptoms were stronger for girls than for boys.

Interpretation: Our findings highlight the potential pitfalls of lengthy social media use for young people’s mental health. These findings would be very useful in the development of a guide for the safe use of social media. They also support calls for social media platforms to more tightly regulate hours of social media use.

Adapted from Kelly Y. et al. (2018) ‘Social Media Use and Adolescent Mental Health.’ EClinical Medicine 6 59–68.

Outline one weakness of the sample used in this study.

With reference to the abstract, outline one positive and one negative correlation found by this study.

Outline one limitation of using a correlation technique in this study.

Describe Bandura et al.’s (1961) study into the transmission of aggression and briefly explain how this may relate to the effects of social media.

Using your knowledge of psychology, suggest different ways in which psychologists could use social media to promote positive mental health in young people.

* Evaluate the suggestions you have made in part (e) using your knowledge of psychology.