Question 1
You are advised to spend about 45 minutes on this question.
You should use the extract below and your knowledge of the whole novel to answer this question.
Write about the relationship between Ralph and Jack and how it is presented at different points in the novel.
In your response you should:
• refer to the extract and the novel as a whole
• show your understanding of characters and events in the novel
5 of this question’s marks are allocated for accuracy in spelling, punctuation and the use of vocabulary and sentence structures.
Ralph found himself alone on a limb with Jack and they grinned at each other, sharing this burden. Once more, amid the breeze, the shouting, the slanting sunlight on the high mountain, was shed that glamour, that strange invisible light of friendship, adventure, and content. “Almost too heavy.” Jack grinned back. “Not for the two of us.” Together, joined in effort by the burden, they staggered up the last steep of the mountain. Together, they chanted One! Two! Three! and crashed the log on to the great pile. Then they stepped back, laughing with triumphant pleasure, so that immediately Ralph had to stand on his head. Below them, boys were still labouring, though some of the small ones had lost interest and were searching this new forest for fruit. Now the twins, with unsuspected intelligence, came up the mountain with armfuls of dried leaves and dumped them against the pile. One by one, as they sensed that the pile was complete the boys stopped going back for more and stood, with the pink, shattered top of the mountain around them. Breath came even by now, and sweat dried. Ralph and Jack looked at each other while society paused about them. The shameful knowledge grew in them and they did not know how to begin confession. Ralph spoke first, crimson in the face. “Will you?” He cleared his throat and went on. “Will you light the fire?” Now the absurd situation was open, Jack blushed too. He began to mutter vaguely. “You rub two sticks. You rub—” He glanced at Ralph, who blurted out the last confession of incompetence. “Has anyone got any matches?”
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You are advised to spend about 45 minutes on this question.
You should use the extract below and your knowledge of the whole novel to answer this question.
Write about Meena’s Mama and how she is presented at different points in the novel.
In your response you should:
• refer to the extract and the novel as a whole
• show your understanding of characters and events in the novel
5 of this question’s marks are allocated for accuracy in spelling, punctuation and the use of vocabulary and sentence structures.
Mama rarely raised her voice but when she did get angry, she looked like one of the ornamental statues I had seen on my Auntie Shaila’s shrine. The goddess she resembled most when in a strop, the one that both terrified and fascinated me, was Kali, a black-faced snarling woman with alarming canines and six waving arms. Every hand contained a bloody weapon and she wore a bracelet of skulls around her powerful naked thighs. And her eyes, sooty O’s of disbelief and also amusement that someone insignificant had dared to step on her shadow. Mama could look like that at me sometimes, when she had caught me tearing carefully sewn ribbons off my dresses, cutting up earthworms in our back yard with her favourite vegetable knife, and most usually, when I was lying. The size of lie never made a difference to her reaction; it could have been one of my harmless fabrications (telling a group of visiting kids in the park that I was a Punjabi princess and owned an elephant called Jason King), or one of my major whoppers – telling my teacher I hadn’t completed my homework because of an obscure religious festival involving fire eating... She was always furious at the pointlessness of it all; stealing was understandable if distressing, violence antisocial yet sometimes unavoidable, but lying? ‘Why do you do this, Meena?’ she would wail, wringing her hands unconvincingly, a parody of a Hindi movie mama. ‘You are only four/seven/nine... Isn’t your life exciting enough without all these stories?’ Well naturally the answer was no, but I did not want to make mama feel that this was her fault. Besides, I enjoyed her anger, the snapping eyes, the shrieking voice, the glimpse of monster beneath the mother; it was one of the times I felt we understood each other perfectly. Of course, no one else outside our small family ever saw this dark side of mama; to everyone else, she was the epitome of grace, dignity and unthreatening charm. She attracted admirers effortlessly, maybe because her soft round face, large limpid eyes and fragile, feminine frame brought out their protective instincts. Tragedy, amusement and bewilderment would wash across her face like sea changes, flowing to suit the story of whoever she was listening to, giving them the illusion that they could control the tides. She was as constant as the moon and just as remote, so the admiration of the villagers was always tempered with a deferential respect, as if in the company of minor royalty.
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Answer
You are advised to spend about 45 minutes on this question.
You should use the extract below and your knowledge of the whole novel to answer this question.
Write about the relationship between Kathy and Ruth and how it is presented at different points in the novel.
In your response you should:
• refer to the extract and the novel as a whole
• show your understanding of characters and events in the novel
5 of this question’s marks are allocated for accuracy in spelling, punctuation and the use of vocabulary and sentence structures.
The South Playing Field was the one used most by the Juniors and it was there, in the corner by the poplars, that Ruth came up to me one lunchtime, looked me up and down, then asked: ‘Do you want to ride my horse?’ I was in the midst of playing with two or three others at that point, but it was clear Ruth was addressing only me. This absolutely delighted me, but I made a show of weighing her up before giving a reply. ‘Well, what’s your horse’s name?’ Ruth came a step closer. ‘My best horse,’ she said, ‘is Thunder. I can’t let you ride on him. He’s much too dangerous. But you can ride Bramble, as long as you don’t use your crop on him. Or if you like, you could have any of the others.’ She reeled off several more names I don’t now remember. Then she asked: ‘Have you got any horses of your own?’ I looked at her and thought carefully before replying: ‘No. I don’t have any horses.’ ‘Not even one?’ ‘No.’ ‘All right. You can ride Bramble, and if you like him, you can have him to keep. But you’re not to use your crop on him. And you’ve got to come now.’ My friends had, in any case, turned away and were carrying on with what they’d been doing. So I gave a shrug and went off with Ruth. The field was filled with playing children, some a lot bigger than us, but Ruth led the way through them very purposefully, always a pace or two in front. When we were almost at the wire mesh boundary with the garden, she turned and said: ‘Okay, we’ll ride them here. You take Bramble.’ I accepted the invisible rein she was holding out, and then we were off, riding up and down the fence, sometimes cantering, sometimes at a gallop. I’d been correct in my decision to tell Ruth I didn’t have any horses of my own, because after a while with Bramble, she let me try her various other horses one by one, shouting all sorts of instructions about how to handle each animal’s foibles. ‘I told you! You’ve got to really lean back on Daffodil! Much more than that! She doesn’t like it unless you’re right back !’ I must have done well enough, because eventually she let me have a go on Thunder, her favourite. I don’t know how long we spent with her horses that day: it felt a substantial time, and I think we both lost ourselves completely in our game. But then suddenly, for no reason I could see, Ruth brought it all to an end, claiming I was deliberately tiring out her horses, and that I’d have to put each of them back in its stable.
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Answer
You are advised to spend about 45 minutes on this question.
You should use the extract below and your knowledge of the whole novel to answer this question.
Write about some of the places and locations described in The Woman in Black. How are they important to the novel as a whole?
In your response you should:
• refer to the extract and the novel as a whole
• show your understanding of characters and events in the novel
5 of this question’s marks are allocated for accuracy in spelling, punctuation and the use of vocabulary and sentence structures.
The only sounds I could hear above the trotting of the pony’s hooves, the rumble of the wheels and the creak of the cart, were sudden, harsh, weird cries from birds near and far. We had travelled perhaps three miles, and passed no farm or cottage, no kind of dwelling house at all, all was emptiness. Then, the hedgerows petered out, and we seemed to be driving towards the very edge of the world. Ahead, the water gleamed like metal and I began to make out a track, rather like the line left by the wake of a boat, that ran across it. As we drew nearer, I saw that the water was lying only shallowly over the rippling sand on either side of us, and that the line was in fact a narrow track leading directly ahead, as if into the estuary itself. As we slipped on to it, I realized that this must be the Nine Lives Causeway – this and nothing more – and saw how, when the tide came in, it would quickly be quite submerged and untraceable. At first the pony and then the trap met the sandy path, the smart noise we had been making ceased, and we went on almost in silence save for a hissing, silky sort of sound. Here and there were clumps of reeds, bleached bone-pale, and now and again the faintest of winds caused them to rattle dryly. The sun at our backs reflected in the water all around so that everything shone and glistened like the surface of a mirror, and the sky had taken on a faint pinkish tinge at the edges, and this in turn became reflected in the marsh and the water. Then, as it was so bright that it hurt my eyes to go on staring at it, I looked up ahead and saw, as if rising out of the water itself, a tall, gaunt house of grey stone with a slate roof, that now gleamed steelily in the light. It stood like some lighthouse or beacon or Martello tower, facing the whole, wide expanse of marsh and estuary, the most astonishingly situated house I had ever seen or could ever conceivably have imagined, isolated, uncompromising but also, I thought, handsome. As we neared it, I saw the land on which it stood was raised up a little, surrounding it on every side for perhaps three or four hundred yards, of plain, salt-bleached grass, and then gravel. This little island extended in a southerly direction across an area of scrub and field towards what looked like the fragmentary ruins of some old church or chapel. There was a rough scraping, as the cart came onto the stones, and then pulled up. We had arrived at Eel Marsh House.
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Answer
You are advised to spend about 45 minutes on this question.
You should use the extract below and your knowledge of the whole novel to answer this question. Write about religion in Oranges are not the Only Fruit, and how it is presented at different points in the novel.
In your response you should:
• refer to the extract and the novel as a whole
• show your understanding of characters and events in the novel
5 of this question’s marks are allocated for accuracy in spelling, punctuation and the use of vocabulary and sentence structures.
By the time we got to church, the first hymn was under way. My mother glared at me, and I tried to look sorry. We had slid in next to Miss Jewsbury who told me to keep calm. ‘What do you mean?’ I whispered. ‘Come and talk to me afterwards,’ she hissed, ‘But not till we’re out of sight.’ I decided she had gone mad. The church was very full as usual, and every time I caught someone’s eye they smiled or nodded. It made me happy. There was nowhere I’d rather be. When the hymn was over I squeezed a bit closer to Melanie and tried to concentrate on the Lord. ‘Still,’ I thought, ‘Melanie is a gift from the Lord, and it would be ungrateful not to appreciate her.’ I was still deep in these contemplations when I realised that something disturbing was happening. The church had gone very quiet and the pastor was standing on his lower platform, with my mother next to him. She was weeping. I felt a searing pain against my knuckles; it was Melanie’s ring. Then Miss Jewsbury was urging me to my feet saying, ‘Keep calm, keep calm,’ and I was walking out to the front with Melanie. I shot a glance at her. She was pale. ‘These children of God,’ began the pastor, ‘have fallen under Satan’s spell.’ His hand was hot and heavy on my neck. Everyone in the congregation looked like a waxwork. ‘These children of God have fallen foul of their lusts.’ ‘Just a minute...,’ I began, but he took no notice. ‘These children are full of demons.’ A cry of horror ran through the church. ‘I’m not,’ I shouted, ‘and neither is she.’ ‘Listen to Satan’s voice,’ said the pastor to the church, pointing at me. ‘How are the best become the worst.’ ‘What are you talking about?’ I asked, desperate. ‘Do you deny you love this woman with a love reserved for man and wife?’ ‘No, yes, I mean of course I love her.’ ‘I will read you the words of St Paul,’ announced the pastor, and he did, and many more words besides about unnatural passions and the mark of the demon. ‘To the pure all things are pure,’ I yelled at him. ‘It’s you not us.’ ‘He turned to Melanie. ‘Do you promise to give up this sin and beg the Lord to forgive you?’ ‘Yes.’ She was trembling uncontrollably. I hardly heard what she said. ‘Then go into the vestry with Mrs White and the elders will come and pray for you. It’s not too late for those who truly repent.’ He turned to me. ‘I love her.’ ‘Then you do not love the Lord.’ ‘Yes, I love both of them.’ ‘You cannot.’ ‘I do, I do, let me go.’ But he caught my arm and held me fast. ‘The church will not see you suffer, go home and wait for us to help you. I ran out on to the street, wild with distress.
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