UK ecosystems

Deserts are an example of a large-scale ecosystem (biome).

Study Figure 7a in the Resource Booklet.

Identify which one of the following continents has the largest area of desert.

Explain one way climate influences the location of deserts.

You must use evidence from Figure 7a in your answer.

Moorland is an example of a UK terrestrial ecosystem.

Study Figure 7b below.

Use the data in Figure 7b to calculate the area of moorland in the UK.

Answer to one decimal place.

You must show your working in the space below.

Name one other terrestrial ecosystem in the UK.

Tropical rainforests have a high biodiversity.

Explain one way plants have adapted to the environment in tropical rainforests.

Explain one way climate change threatens the biodiversity of tropical rainforests.

Study Figure 7c in the Resource Booklet.

Identify the year with the largest tropical rainforest loss in Brazil.

Calculate the mean annual tropical rainforest loss between 2015 and 2022.

Answer to one decimal place.

You must show your working in the space below.

Explain one reason for deforestation in tropical rainforests.

Deciduous woodlands show a range of features.

Study Figure 7d in the Resource Booklet.

Identify the largest nutrient store.

Explain one impact of deforestation on the nutrient cycle in deciduous woodlands.

You must use evidence from Figure 7d in your answer.

Assess the success of the different approaches to the sustainable management of deciduous woodlands in a named region.

Named region

Large-scale ecosystems are found in different parts of the world.

Identify which one of the following is found between 50° N and 65° N.

State two characteristics of temperate grassland.

Study Figure 7a below.

Mean monthly precipitation and temperature data for tundra

Identify which one of the following months has the highest precipitation.

Calculate the median temperature shown in Figure 7a.

Answer to one decimal place.

You must show your working in the space below.

Explain two ways that the biosphere provides resources for people.

State one way that human activity is degrading the UK’s marine ecosystems.

Study Figure 7b in the Resource Booklet.

Calculate the percentage of the UK’s woodland found in Wales.

Answer to one decimal place.

You must show your working in the space below.

Explain one way nutrients are transferred from the biomass to the soil store in deciduous woodlands.

Explain one reason why deciduous woodlands have a lower biodiversity than tropical rainforests.

Tropical rainforests are under threat.

Explain one way that a named region of tropical rainforest has been managed sustainably.

Named region

Assess the importance of different causes of deforestation in tropical rainforests.

Large-scale ecosystems are found in different parts of the world.

Study Figure 7a in the Resource Booklet.

Identify which one of the following describes the climate in the tundra ecosystem.

Explain one way that altitude may affect the distribution of the temperate forest ecosystem.

Marine ecosystems in the UK are an important resource.

Study Figure 7b below.

Seven main fish species caught by UK vessels in 2019

Calculate the weight of cod caught as a percentage of the total catch.

Answer to one decimal place.

You must show your working in the space below.

Explain one way humans have damaged marine ecosystems.

Name one of the main terrestrial ecosystems in the UK.

Study Figure 7c in the Resource Booklet.

Suggest one way that the vegetation shown in Figure 7c has adapted to the tropical rainforest environment.

You must use evidence from Figure 7c in your answer.

Explain two ways that climate change is a threat to the biodiversity of tropical rainforests.

Deciduous woodlands show a range of distinguishing features.

Study Figures 7d and 7e below.

Average monthly Average monthly

Average monthly precipitation (mm)

Figure 7d

Climate graph for an area of deciduous woodland in the UK

Data for the climate graph shown in Figure 7d

Plot the June precipitation total on Figure 7d.

Calculate the mean of the average monthly temperatures shown in Figure 7e.

Answer to one decimal place.

You must show your working in the space below.

Explain two ways that deciduous woodland ecosystems can provide goods and services.

In this question, up to four additional marks will be awarded for your spelling, punctuation, grammar and for the use of specialist terminology.

Assess the importance of the impact of human activity on deciduous woodland ecosystems.

(Spelling, punctuation, grammar and use of specialist terminology = 4 marks)

Large-scale ecosystems (biomes), such as deserts, are found in different parts of the world.

Study Figure 7a in the Resource Booklet.

Identify the correct statement.

Calculate the mean monthly precipitation shown in Figure 7a.

You must show your working in the space below.

Answer to two decimal places.

Study Figures 7b and 7c in the Resource Booklet.

For each figure, suggest one way that the biosphere is providing resources for people.

Figure 7b

Figure 7c

The UK has its own variety of distinctive ecosystems that it relies on.

State one terrestrial ecosystem in the UK.

Explain one reason why UK marine ecosystems are an important resource.

The area of deciduous woodlands is increasing in some parts of the world.

Study Figure 7d below.

Approximate area of deciduous woodlands in the UK

Calculate the percentage increase in the area of deciduous woodlands in the UK between 1990 and 2017.

Answer to one decimal place.

You must show your working in the space below.

Explain one way that animals in deciduous woodlands have adapted to their environment.

Explain one economic cause of deforestation in deciduous woodlands.

Tropical rainforests show a range of distinguishing features.

Study Figure 7e below.

Figure 7e

The tropical rainforest nutrient cycle

Complete Figure 7e by labelling stores X and Y.

Explain one reason why the tropical rainforest nutrient cycle is so rapid.

In this question, up to four additional marks will be awarded for your spelling, punctuation, grammar and for your use of specialist terminology.

Evaluate the extent to which sustainable management strategies have helped to protect a tropical rainforest in a named region.

(Spelling, punctuation, grammar and use of specialist terminology = 4 marks)

The biosphere is a vital system.

Define the term biosphere.

Study Figure 7a below which shows information about selected large-scale ecosystems.

The estimated area of selected large-scale ecosystems

Calculate the percentage (%) of the total land area shown in Figure 7a which is covered by temperate forest.

You must show your working in the space below.

Wetlands are one of the UK’s main terrestrial ecosystems.

Study Figure 7b below.

Country

Figure 7b

The area of lowland wetland in the different countries of the UK

Plot the data from the table below on Figure 7b.

State one other main terrestrial ecosystem in the UK.

Tropical rainforest ecosystems are under threat.

Study Figure 7c in the Resource Booklet.

Suggest one reason why this area of tropical rainforest is under threat.

Use evidence from Figure 7c in your answer.

Study Figure 7d below.

Forest cover in the tropical rainforest in Brazil

Calculate the percentage (%) decrease in forest cover in the tropical rainforest in Brazil between 2000 and 2015.

Answer to one decimal place.

You must show your working in the space below.

Study Figure 7e in the Resource Booklet.

Suggest two ways that ecotourism may help the sustainable management of this area of tropical rainforest.

Use evidence from Figure 7e in your answer.

Deciduous woodlands have a range of features.

Study Figure 7f in the Resource Booklet.

Suggest two ways in which this deciduous woodland has adapted to the environment.

Use evidence from Figure 7f in your answer.

Explain one way in which climate change may be a threat to deciduous woodlands ecosystems.

In this question, up to four additional marks will be awarded for your spelling, punctuation, grammar and for your use of specialist terminology.

Evaluate the following statement.

(Spelling, punctuation, grammar and use of specialist terminology = 4 marks)

Tropical grassland and tropical rainforest are both examples of large-scale global ecosystems.

Study Figure 7a below.

Key

Figure 7a

Climate graph for Nyala, Sudan (Tropical Grassland)

Plot the temperatures for February and March to complete the line graph shown in Figure 7a. Use the information in the data table below.

Calculate the mean monthly temperature using the data table.

Answer to one decimal place.

You must show your working in the space below.

Identify the median temperature shown on Figure 7a.

Explain two ways climate can influence the distribution of large-scale ecosystems.

With reference to Figure 7b in the Resource Booklet, explain one way human activity can damage marine ecosystems in the UK.

The tropical rainforest nutrient cycle is very rapid.

Explain one reason why the litter store is usually very small in tropical rainforests.

Study Figure 7c in the Resource Booklet.

Suggest one economic cause for the changes to the tropical rainforest shown on Figure 7c.

Explain two ways that tropical rainforests can be managed sustainably.

In this question, up to four additional marks will be awarded for your spelling, punctuation, grammar and use of specialist terminology.

Evaluate the impact of physical and human factors on the biodiversity of deciduous woodland ecosystems.

(Spelling, punctuation, grammar and use of specialist terminology = 4 marks)

Deciduous woodland is one of the UK’s main ecosystems.

Name one tree species found in deciduous woodlands in the UK.

Study Figure 7a below.

Pie chart showing land use in the UK

Identify the percentage of the UK’s land use which is forestry.

The total area of the UK is 23 500 000 hectares (ha).

Calculate the area of forestry in the UK.

You must show your working in the space below.

Large-scale ecosystems (global biomes) are found in different parts of the world.

Study Figure 7b in the Resource Booklet.

Identify the continent with the smallest area of desert.

Explain one way climate influences the distribution of deserts.

Study Figure 7c below.

Number of animal species in selected large-scale ecosystems

Plot the data from the table below on Figure 7c.

Explain one reason why Tropical rainforests have a very high biodiversity.

Tropical rainforests provide goods and services for people, but are also under threat.

Study Figure 7d below.

Information about deforestation in Brazil

Calculate the amount of land lost to deforestation in 2015.

Answer to one decimal place.

You must show your working in the space below.

Explain two causes of deforestation in tropical rainforests.

Study Figure 7e in the Resource Booklet.

Suggest one reason why the annual rate of deforestation has changed since 2004.

In this question, up to four additional marks will be awarded for your spelling, punctuation, grammar and use of specialist terminology.

Assess the role of biotic and abiotic characteristics in the functioning of tropical rainforests.

(Spelling, punctuation, grammar and use of specialist terminology = 4 marks)