OCR GCSE History A (Explaining the Modern World) British depth study with historic environment: The impact of empire on Britain 1688-c.1730 + Urban environments: patterns of migration June 2018 question paper J410/11

Explain how English expansion between 1688 and 1730 affected Scotland and Ireland.

Study Sources A–C.

‘Resistance to slavery in the period 1688 to c.1730 was based on religious grounds.’ How far do sources A–C convince you that this statement is correct? Use the sources and your knowledge to

explain your answer.

() Spelling, punctuation and grammar and the use of specialist terminology

Source A

The Negroes plan revenge and are determined to seize it whenever they can. On the 27th December The Dolphin [a slave ship] was anchored off the Ivory Coast, when great numbers of Negroes surprised them all, took all that was in the ship and ran it ashore, where it was cut into pieces. Some of the sailors escaped but the captain and the rest of the crew were captured and taken away.

An extract from a note written by Captain Bernard Ladman to the Royal African Company, February 7th 1701.

Source B

It is strange that we in this country should be so selfish as to think that the freedom and liberty of others should be sacrificed for our benefit. Slavery is a national sin. How can we expect the love of the Lord when we treat fellow men like dogs? The African slave trade is an insult to the freedom of mankind. The slaves are not even allowed the comfort of baptism into the Christian church.

An extract from the Whig newspaper The Observator published in 1710. It was reporting on a debate over slavery between Whigs and Tories in Parliament. The government at the time was Tory and Tories generally supported slavery.

Source C

The new slave traders who entered the trade after the Royal African Company lost its monopoly were pirates. If they could not trade fairly with the natives they would rob them without a thought. They hide the profits they make and these profits do not go back to their companies or shareholders. They create little wealth for the common man in England. The slave trade is a great evil, obvious to those who can see the thieving and violence which has gone with it. And at home the trade has fed a greed for luxuries which corrupts our country and our people.

An extract from A Voyage to Guinea, Brazil, and the West-Indies by John Atkins. It was written and published by John Atkins in 1735. He was a former member of the Royal African Company.

Explain why there were race riots in Butetown in the early part of the 20th century.

Study Sources D and E.

Which of these sources is more useful to a historian studying the reasons why people moved to

Butetown in the 19th century?

Source D

The streets of our town show an alarming appearance, being literally crowded with starving and half-naked strangers from the most distressed parts of Ireland. The more desperate of them have been huddled together on the coal ships, paid for by their local authorities back in Ireland, to lessen the number of famished creatures at home.

An extract from a local newspaper in 1847, reporting on the increasing numbers of Irish migrants to South Wales.

A drawing of the opening of the Bute East Dock, Cardiff in 1859, published in the newspaper The Illustrated London News. The Marquis of Bute employed thousands of workers to build the dock.