OCR GCSE History A (Explaining the Modern World) Period study with non-British depth study: International relations 1918-2001 + China 1950-1981: the people and the state November 2020 question paper J410/01

Outline the actions of Al-Qaeda in the period 1995–2001.

Explain why countries lost confidence in the League of Nations in the 1930s.

Study Interpretation A.

Do you think this interpretation is a fair comment on Chamberlain and the policy of Appeasement between 1937 and 1939? Use your knowledge and other interpretations of British policy towards

Germany between these dates to support your answer.

Study Interpretation B.

Explain why not all historians and commentators have agreed with this interpretation of the early stages of the Cold War. Use other interpretations and your knowledge to support your answer.

() Spelling, punctuation and grammar and the use of specialist terminology

Interpretation B

American leaders had come to believe it was necessary and right to expand America’s influence. America’s policies offered the Russians no real choice. Particularly after the atom bomb was created and used, the attitude of the United States left the Soviets with only one real option; either to accept American dominance or to confront them.

From ‘The Tragedy of American Diplomacy’, written by the US historian William Appleman Williams and first published in the USA in 1960.

Describe one example of the role of young people during the Cultural Revolution.

Explain why Mao launched the Cultural Revolution in 1966.

Study Sources A and B. How reliable are these sources as evidence of the development of the

Chinese economy between 1950 and 1965?

A poster produced by the Chinese government in 1956. The headings say ‘The steel industry is the basis of all other industries. It is used to make all kinds of new machinery’.

Source B

The communes were set up because they are important to our economy. We should not give the communes up just because things are difficult. We need to stick to the plan. There have been difficulties, and mistakes will be made, but we can solve them. The negative things being said about the Great Leap Forward are a problem, because it will destroy the enthusiasm and commitment of the people, and go against Communism.

An extract from a letter written by Mao Zedong to a Communist Party official on 5 August 1959.

8* ‘Deng Xiaoping allowed greater freedoms in China between 1976 and 1981 than under Mao’s

earlier leadership.’ How far do you agree?