OCR GCSE History A (Explaining the Modern World) British depth study with historic environment: Personal rule to restoration 1629-1660 + Castles: form and function c.1000-1750 November 2020 question paper J410/13

Explain why there was so much support for the Restoration of the monarchy in 1660.

Study Sources A–C.

‘Charles I and William Laud attacked the Protestant religion between 1629 and 1640.’ How far do Sources A–C convince you that this statement is correct? Use the sources and your knowledge to

explain your answer.

() Spelling, punctuation and grammar and the use of specialist terminology

Source A

Recently, leading bishops have been carrying out some hateful deeds. They want to undermine the established beliefs and discipline of our Protestant church and destroy all true preachers of God’s word. They plan to bring in Popery, superstition and the worship of statues and other objects.

An extract from the front page of a pamphlet called ‘News from Ipswich’, printed by the Puritan William Prynne in 1636.

‘Popery’ refers to the practices of the Catholic Pope.

Source B

These men – Prynne, Bastwick and Burton – complain of persecution. Yet the intention of these men was and is to raise a rebellion against the King. They are trying to stir up conflict in government just as they have done in the Church.

And I can say truly, in the presence of God, that as Archbishop I have done nothing except maintain the orthodox Truth and Religion of Christ, established in this Protestant Church of England.

An extract from a speech made by Archbishop William Laud in 1637, at the trial of the Puritans Prynne, Bastwick and Burton.

An image from a news sheet made by Parliament and printed in 1646. The caption read ‘On entering York, our soldiers found Popish pictures and altar rails’.

‘Popish’ refers to the practices of the Catholic Church.

Explain why Kenilworth Castle changed in the 1600s.

Study Sources D and E.

Which of these sources is more useful to a historian studying the history of Kenilworth Castle

between 1100 and 1300?

Source D

The King realised he had to crush the rebels in Kenilworth Castle or they would cause huge trouble. Every day the rebels destroyed surrounding land, for Kenilworth was in the middle of the kingdom and was a mighty castle. To end this threat the king taxed his subjects £19 000 for an army. There were many men, and they held 60 000 crossbow bolts and 20 000 wooden hurdles. Nine siege engines were also brought to the castle and fired stone missiles at the castle day and night. The King’s tower was enormous and contained 200 crossbowmen.

A description of the siege of Kenilworth Castle in 1266, from a chronicle called the Annal of Osney Abbey, published around 1300.

A recent photograph of the remains of Mortimer’s Tower, the main gatehouse to Kenilworth Castle, which was built in King John’s reign.