Edexcel GCSE Statistics Paper 2 Higher June 2024 question paper 1ST0/2H

Matthew is investigating average household income for different states in the USA.

Give a reason why it is appropriate to use secondary data for this.

Matthew creates a choropleth map giving information about the mean household income by state for the USA in 2023 Mean annual household income in $ thousands.

2.

5.

10.

Which three states have the lowest mean household income?

Matthew concludes that the mean household incomes are highest on the West coast and the East coast.

Does the choropleth map support this conclusion? Give a reason for your answer.

Some researchers investigated the hand span, in centimetres, of adult pianists by their level – international, national and amateur.

The box plots below give information about the hand spans for national level and amateur level pianists.

Circle the word in the list below that describes hand span, in centimetres, as a type of data.

qualitative ordinal continuous bivariate

The table gives information about the hand spans of the international level pianists.

Using the information in the table, draw on the grid above a box plot for the hand spans of the international level pianists.

Compare the three distributions of hand spans. Give three comparisons and interpret two of your comparisons.

Pavel owns a music shop. He wants to investigate the keyboard sizes used by pianists with different hand spans. He collects data about the hand spans of the pianists who use his shop.

The table gives information about the number of these pianists with hand spans in each of four size categories.

Hand span (cm)	A B C D (less than 19) (19 span 22) (22 span 24) (24 or more)
Number of pianists	24 65 57 14

Pavel plans to sample 20 of these pianists stratified by hand span size.

Explain how Pavel can obtain his stratified sample. You should include details of any calculations he should use.

Khatia organises two different training courses, Course A and Course B, to help people to learn to type. She wants to compare the two different courses to see which is better. At the end of each course the people are given a skills test.

The table shows the number of participants who passed and failed the skills test for each of the two courses.

Find the relative risk of failing the skills test having taken Course A compared to Course B.

Give an interpretation of your answer to part (a).

The snow depth, in centimetres, at Whistler Mountain was measured daily in February, in March and in April 2022

The table gives information about the snow depths for these 89 days.

Draw a cumulative frequency diagram for this information.

Find an estimate for the number of these days where the snow depth was between 195 cm and 215 cm.

Zack is comparing the players from the England Rugby Union team with the players from the Welsh Rugby Union team. The players are listed as Rugby Union Forwards or Rugby Union Backs.

Here are the weights, in kilograms, of the England Rugby Union team players who are listed as Backs.

(Source: www.englandrugby.com/england/senior‑men#squad)

The back‑to‑back stem and leaf diagram gives the weights, in kilograms, of the Welsh Rugby Union Backs.

Complete the back‑to‑back stem and leaf diagram with the weights, in kilograms, of the England Rugby Union Backs.

(Source: www.wru.wales/fixtures‑and‑teams/teams/wales/)

Work out the median weight for the Welsh Rugby Union Backs.

Work out the interquartile range for the Welsh Rugby Union Backs.

The table gives information about the weights for the England Rugby Union Backs.

Zack thinks that the Welsh Rugby Union Backs are heavier and have less consistent weights than the England Rugby Union Backs.

Do the statistics support these conclusions? You must give reasons for your answer.

Amy wants to use the median and interquartile range statistics in a news article for a sports magazine. The article will compare the players on the two teams who are Backs.

Comment on the appropriateness of using the median and the interquartile range in the article.

Give a limitation of using Zack’s statistics to compare all the players on the two teams.

Researchers investigated the effect of changing land usage on the amount of surface runoff water for areas of land around Brandywine Creek.

They recorded the change in forest cover area (km²) from 1992 to 2000 They also recorded the change in the amount of surface runoff (mm water) from 1992 to 2000

The table gives information about their data.

Calculate Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient for this data. Interpret this correlation in the context of the question.

Elizabeth wants to investigate possible drainage solutions that reduce surface runoff. She wants to establish whether a particular drainage solution reduces surface runoff.

Elizabeth plans to measure surface runoff in 10 areas for a year without the drainage solution. She will then install the drainage solution in these 10 areas and measure the surface runoff for a year.

Explain how Elizabeth’s plan to collect data controls some extraneous variables. You should include in your answer an example of an extraneous variable that is likely to be controlled in this investigation.

Elizabeth would like to reduce the time that she is collecting data to one year overall.

Describe how she could do this using a matched pairs approach.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) is a measure of the rate of change of prices in everyday life.

The table shows the annual average CPI from 2017 to 2021 with 2015 as the base year.

Give an interpretation of the number 108.9 in the table.

Find the percentage increase in consumer prices from 2017 to 2021 You must show your working. Give your answer correct to one decimal place.

A representative sample of consumer product prices is included in the calculations for CPI. In the non‑alcoholic beverages category there are two classes of product included.

The table gives the weightings for these two classes and the price index for one of the

The price index for non‑alcoholic beverages in November 2022 was 124.2 (Source: www.ons.gov.uk)

Calculate the price index for mineral waters, soft drinks and juices in November 2022 Give your answer correct to one decimal place.

The weights in the non‑alcoholic beverage category were different in 2021 and in 2022

The table gives these weights.

Explain what this means for the relative importance in the CPI of ‘Coffee, tea and cocoa’ and ‘Mineral waters, soft drinks and juices’ in 2021 compared with 2022

The rate of inflation is the change in prices for goods and services over time.

David wants to compare annual inflation in Germany from 2017 to 2021 with annual inflation in the UK from 2017 to 2021

The table gives the annual inflation for the UK from 2017 to 2021

(Source: worlddata.info)

From 2017 to 2021 the average annual inflation for Germany was 1.66%.

By calculating an appropriate geometric mean, compare the average annual inflation for Germany from 2017 to 2021 with the average annual inflation for the UK from 2017 to 2021 You must show your working.

Roxann wants to investigate the resting heart rates for members of her running club.

She believes that the resting heart rates will be normally distributed.

Here is the plan for her investigation.

Discuss whether Roxann’s plans for collecting and presenting data are appropriate.

Researchers wanted to find a method to predict the height of ancient Egyptians based upon bones from their skeletons.

They calculated the Pearson’s product moment correlation coefficient between the length of particular bones and the height of the skeleton for some male skeletons and for some female skeletons.

They also found regression equations for the relationship between bone length (x centimetres) and height (y centimetres) for each of these bones in male skeletons and in female skeletons.

The table gives information about these product moment correlation coefficients and these regression equations.

Which bone measurement would you recommend using to estimate the height of an ancient Egyptian? Give a reason for your answer.

Interpret in context the figure 2.594 in the regression equation for the humerus of male skeletons.

Use the regression equations to compare the relationships between bone length and height for the different bones. Include in your answer comparisons between male and female ancient Egyptians.

Dina suggests comparing the y‑intercepts for the regression equations.

Is Dina’s suggestion appropriate?

A museum has some bones that were recovered from an Egyptian pyramid.

The museum wants to predict the height of the ancient Egyptians from whom the bones were recovered.

Is it appropriate to use these regression equations to make this prediction?

Researchers used the Petersen capture recapture method to estimate the number of humpback whales off the coasts of California, Oregon and Washington.

They used aerial photographs to identify the whales, recording the whales’ unique markings in the first sampling rather than tagging the whales.

In 1995 they recorded the markings of 331 individual whales. In 1996 they identified 264 individual whales of which 104 had been identified in the previous year. (Source: digitalcommons.unl.edu)

Calculate an estimate for the number of humpback whales off the coasts of California, Oregon and Washington in 1996

Discuss the validity and reliability of this estimate.

The Venn diagram shows information about 50 books on a reading list.

A is the event that the book is a science fiction book. B is the event that the book is an audio book.

The numbers in the Venn diagram show the number of books.

One of the books is chosen at random.

Find P(A).

Find P(A B).

Mike concludes that A and B are independent events.

Is Mike correct? Give a reason for your answer.

Two different events, C and D, are such that

Find P(C D).