Periodicity and Period 3 trends

This question is about vanadium and some of its compounds.

State the block in the Periodic Table that contains vanadium.

Suggest why vanadium can be pulled into thin wires.

Vanadium(V) oxide is a catalyst in the Contact process.

Give two equations to show how vanadium(V) oxide acts as a catalyst in this process.

Equation 1

Equation 2

Table 6 shows some electrode half-equations and their standard electrode potentials.

Sn reduces VO₂⁺ in acidic solution.

Use the data in Table 6 to deduce an overall equation for the reaction that occurs.

Vanadium(III) sulfate is a pale yellow solid at room temperature.

Explain why vanadium(III) sulfate has a high melting point.

When vanadium(III) sulfate dissolves in water, the vanadium-containing species formed is acidic.

Give an equation to show how vanadium(III) sulfate dissolves in water to form the acidic vanadium-containing species.

Explain why the vanadium-containing species is acidic.

Equation

Compound Q is found in crude oil and has the molecular formula C₃₃H₃₄N₄VO₄

A sample of Q is ionised by electrospray ionisation in a time of flight (TOF) mass spectrometer. The spectrum produced shows that the

Give an equation to show how Q is ionised using electrospray ionisation.

Determine the m / z value of the molecular ion formed in this ionisation process.

Equation

A sample of vanadium contains only⁴⁹V and⁵¹V

The relative atomic mass of vanadium in this sample is 50.97

Calculate the percentage abundance of⁵¹V in this sample.

Which statement about trends from left to right across Period 3 is correct?

Which statement about ionisation energies in Period 3 is not correct?

Which element is in the p block in the Periodic Table?

Consider the Period 3 elements from sodium to chlorine.

Which statement is correct?

Which statement is not correct about the Period 3 elements sodium to chlorine?

This question is about elements in Period 3 and their compounds.

When a piece of sodium is added to 200 cm³ of water in a large beaker a vigorous reaction occurs. The temperature of the water increases by 25^oC

Give an equation, including state symbols, for the reaction of sodium with water.

Suggest why it is dangerous to react a similar piece of sodium with 10 cm³ of water in a boiling tube.

Equation

Why it is dangerous

Give an equation for the reaction of phosphorus(V) oxide with water.

Suggest a pH for the solution formed.

Equation

Explain, in terms of crystal structure and bonding, why silicon(IV) oxide has a higher melting point than phosphorus(V) oxide.

An element in Period 3 forms an oxide that is insoluble in water. This oxide reacts with sulfuric acid and with aqueous potassium hydroxide.

Give the formula for this oxide.

Give an equation for the reaction of this oxide with sulfuric acid.

Equation

Give the formula of a hydroxide of an element in Period 3 used in medicine.

Identify the element in Period 3, from sodium to chlorine, that has the largest atomic radius.

This question is about Period 3 elements.

Figure 2 shows the second ionisation energies of some elements in Period 3.

Draw a cross (x) on Figure 2 to show the second ionisation energy of silicon.

Identify the element in Period 3, from sodium to argon, that has the highest second ionisation energy.

Give an equation, including state symbols, to show the process that occurs when the second ionisation energy of this element is measured.

If you were unable to identify the element you may use the symbol Q in your equation.

Equation

Explain why the atomic radius decreases across Period 3, from sodium to chlorine.

Identify the element in Period 3, from sodium to chlorine, that has the highest electronegativity.

Phosphorus burns in air to form phosphorus(V) oxide. Give an equation for this reaction.

This question is about periodicity, the Period 4 elements and their compounds.

State the meaning of the term periodicity.

Identify the element in Period 4 with the highest electronegativity value.

Identify the element in Period 4 with the largest atomic radius. Explain your answer.

The equations for two reactions of arsenic(III) oxide are shown.

Name the property of arsenic(III) oxide that describes its ability to react in these two

Complete the equation for the formation of arsenic hydride.

Which of these Period 3 elements has the highest melting point?