France in Revolution

With reference to these sources and your understanding of the historical context, assess the value of these three sources to an historian studying the Civil Constitution of the Clergy in the years 1790 to 1791.

‘The Vendée and Federalist uprisings in 1793 were primarily caused by a desire to restore the monarchy.’

Assess the validity of this view.

How important was Napoleon’s military leadership to French victory in the years 1799 to 1808?

To what extent had Napoleon imposed French rule on the Grand Empire by 1812?

With reference to these sources and your understanding of the historical context, assess the value of these three sources to an historian studying Robespierre.

‘The urban workers and peasants were responsible for the political changes in France in 1789.’

Assess the validity of this view.

‘Most people in France benefited from Napoleonic rule in the years 1799 to 1808.’

Assess the validity of this view.

How significant was the 1812 Russian campaign to the collapse of the Napoleonic Empire?

With reference to these sources and your understanding of the historical context, assess the value of these three sources to an historian studying the execution of Louis XVI in January 1793.

‘In the years 1777 to 1787, neither Necker nor Calonne put forward any significant proposals for the reform of French finances.’

Assess the validity of this view.

‘The 1801 Concordat was the most important reason for the consolidation of Napoleon’s rule in France.’

Assess the validity of this view with reference to the years 1799 to 1804.

To what extent was Napoleon himself responsible for the defeat of his armies in the years 1812 to 1814?

With reference to these sources and your understanding of the historical context, assess the value of these three sources to an historian studying the reaction of the French people to life under Napoleon in the years 1801 to 1808.

‘In the months of May to September 1792, it was the sans-culottes, rather than the deputies in the Assembly and Convention, that brought an end to monarchy in France.’

Assess the validity of this view.

To what extent was Robespierre’s fall from power in July 1794 due to his decision to execute Danton and Desmoulins in April 1794?

‘Napoleon’s attempt to re-establish himself as ruler of France in the ‘Hundred Days’ shows his total misunderstanding of the situation in 1814/15.’

Assess the validity of this view.

With reference to these sources and your understanding of the historical context, assess the value of these three sources to an historian studying attitudes to war in France, 1791/92.

How important were Enlightenment ideas in weakening the Ancien Régime before 1789?

‘Political instability was the most significant problem facing France during the Thermidorian Reaction and the Directory, in the years 1794 to 1799.’

Assess the validity of this view.

How successful were Napoleon’s financial and economic policies in strengthening France?

With reference to these sources and your understanding of the historical context, assess the value of these three sources to an historian studying the situation in France leading up to the Estates-General.

‘The Civil Constitution of the Clergy was the most significant reason for the collapse of constitutional monarchy in France in the years 1791/92.’

Assess the validity of this view.

To what extent did the actions of Napoleon strengthen France in the years 1795 to 1799?

‘French rule did not benefit those living in the Grand Empire.’

Assess the validity of this view.

With reference to these sources and your understanding of the historical context, assess the value of these three sources to an historian studying the coup of Brumaire.

To what extent did the constitutional reforms of 1789 to 1791 bring about equality in France?

‘Military defeat was the main reason for the development of the Terror in 1793.’

Assess the validity of this view.

‘Napoleon’s downfall was the result of his own weaknesses and mistakes in the years 1812 to 1815.’

Assess the validity of this view.

With reference to these sources and your understanding of the historical context, assess the value of these three sources to an historian studying the influence of the sans-culottes on the revolution between June and December 1793.

‘The financial privileges of the first two estates were the main reason for the Crown debt of 1788.’

Assess the validity of this view.

‘The Directory was successful in dealing with threats from Jacobins and Royalists in the years 1795 to 1799.’

Assess the validity of this view.

To what extent did French society benefit from Napoleonic rule in the years 1800 to 1808?

With reference to these sources and your understanding of the historical context, assess the value of these three sources to an historian studying the failure of Napoleon’s Russian campaign in 1812.

‘Between the October Days of 1789 and September 1791, the National Assembly completely dismantled the Ancien Régime.’

Assess the validity of this view.

How significant was the rising in the Vendée in the radicalisation of the revolution in 1793?

‘Personal ambition was more important than revolutionary principles in Napoleon's consolidation of power in the years 1799 to 1804.’

Assess the validity of this view.