Edexcel A Level Physics Paper 1: Advanced Physics I June 2018 question paper 9PH0/01

Part of an electric circuit is shown.

What is the current shown by the ammeter?

A cell is connected across a resistor. After a while the internal resistance of the cell increases.

Which row of the table correctly shows the change in the current in the circuit and the change in the terminal potential difference across the cell?

An object is falling at terminal velocity.

Which of the following is not a valid conclusion from this statement?

A light dependent resistor is connected across a cell of negligible internal resistance. The light intensity is increased.

Which of the following statements about the current is correct?

Which of the following graphs shows how the current varies with potential difference for a filament lamp?

Which of the following are the base units for impulse?

A potential difference V is applied across two parallel plates. An electron midway between the two plates at point X experiences an electric force F.

The electron moves to point Y which is halfway between point X and the left-hand plate.

Which of the following is the electric force experienced by the electron at Y?

A wire carries an alternating current of peak value 3 A.

Which of the following is the root-mean-square value of this current?

Electric and magnetic fields can be used in particle accelerators.

Which row in the table correctly describes the use of electric and magnetic fields in the particle accelerator indicated?

Which of the following particle equations is correct for the decay of a proton within a nucleus?

A “metre bridge” is a circuit which can be used to measure an unknown resistance accurately. The metre bridge includes a metre length of nichrome wire.

Calculate the resistance of a 1.00 m length of the nichrome wire.

resistivity of nichrome = 1.12 10^–6 diameter of wire = 4.00 10^–4 m

This metre length of wire, labelled AB, is connected to a 1.50 V cell of negligible internal resistance and a switch as shown.

Explain how the potential along this wire varies with distance from A when the switch is closed.

Show that the potential difference between A and a point 75.0 cm along the wire from A is about 1.1 V.

* 12 A simple electric motor consists of a coil that is free to rotate in a magnetic field.

A student connects the motor to an ammeter and a battery.

The graph shows how the current I in the coil varies with time t. The switch is closed at time T.

Explain why the current rises to a maximum then decreases. Your answer should include a reference to Faraday and Lenz’s laws.

Beam engines contributed to powering the Industrial Revolution in Britain in the 18th century. A beam engine consisted of a beam which could rock to and fro around a well-oiled pivot. Attached to the beam there are two rods, one connected to a piston in a steam cylinder and the other connected to a pump.

The diagram below shows a simplified arrangement of a beam engine.

The beam has a constant thickness and a mass of 3.05 10⁴ kg. The length of the beam is 11.0 m. The pivot P is positioned 6.0 m from the steam cylinder end of the beam.

In its resting position the steam cylinder rod is supported by the base of the steam cylinder with the beam at an angle of 20 to the horizontal.

The steam cylinder rod exerts a force T on the beam. The force exerted on the beam by the pump rod can be neglected.

Calculate the force T.

The engine, which ran continuously, could lift a mass of 2500 kg of water through 12 m each minute. The engine used 1250 kg of coal a day. 1 kg of coal can release 22.3 MJ of energy. The beam engine was said to have an efficiency of 10 %.

Deduce whether this claim for efficiency was correct.

A physics class made a toy rocket. A drinks bottle was partially filled with water and inverted over a valve. An air pump delivered air to the bottle until the pressure forced the bottle from the valve and the water was ejected from the bottle at high speed.

A velocity-time graph for the bottle for the first 4 s after take-off is shown.

Determine the height to which the rocket travelled.

Sketch the corresponding acceleration-time graph on the axes below.

The discovery of the Higgs particle was an important contribution to our understanding of particle physics.

Describe the standard model for subatomic particles. You should identify the fundamental particles and the composition of the particles we can observe.

The mass of the Higgs particle is 2.2 10^–25 kg.

Calculate this mass in GeV/c².

The Higgs particle was discovered using the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in 2012. Two beams of very high energy protons, moving in opposite directions, were made to collide.

Explain the need for such high energy collisions.

The beams of protons are contained within a ring of superconducting magnets.

Calculate the momentum of a proton in a beam.

magnetic field strength = 8.3 T circumference of the ring = 27 km

State the total momentum of the products of the collision between the two beams of protons.

The LHC accelerates protons until they gain energies of about 7 TeV.

A student used the equation E = to predict the energy of a proton in the beam, using the momentum calculated in (c)(ii), but found the energy was far higher than 7 TeV.

Explain why.

Sketch the electric field around a positive point charge.

A magician did a trick which he claimed was the most dangerous ever. He positioned himself midway between two charged spheres which were separated by a distance of about two metres. Each sphere was charged to a potential that would cause ionisation at a distance of one metre. He wore a protective suit of chain mail and a helmet consisting of a metal cage. The protective suit and helmet were earthed to a potential of 0 V.

A scientist said “there is no danger in this and I would happily do it tomorrow”.

Explain whether this statement is justified.

A centrifuge is a machine which rotates.

A particle in a centrifuge moves in a circle of radius r, centre O, with a constant speed v.

The diagram represents two positions of the particle.

Derive the equation for centripetal acceleration a = by considering the velocity at these two positions.

Your answer should include a vector diagram.

The United States’ space agency, NASA, uses a centrifuge to test whether equipment will operate when experiencing large forces. The equipment to be tested is attached to the end of the frame of the centrifuge, which rotates around a vertical axis at its centre.

The centrifuge rotates at 50 revolutions per minute with a radius of 8.8 m.

Show that the angular velocity of the centrifuge is about 5 rad s^–1.

Explain how the centrifuge applies large forces to the equipment under test.

The NASA website says the centrifuge can be used to test whether the equipment can withstand accelerations of up to about 25 g.

Deduce whether this claim is correct.

A ‘Gauss gun’ can be made from five ball bearings of equal mass and two magnets, as shown.

Pairs of ball bearings are placed to the right of two strong magnets. A single ball bearing is released from the left, as shown. The ball bearing is attracted to, and collides with, the first magnet. This and all subsequent collisions can be assumed to be elastic.

Explain what happens to make the last ball bearing on the right subsequently move off with a large velocity.

A student set up the apparatus shown to measure the speed of the last ball bearing. The ‘Gauss gun’ was placed at the end of a bench, so that the ball bearing left the gun and broke two strips of metal foil which formed part of an electric circuit.

As the ball bearing left the gun, it broke the first foil strip at its centre so that the capacitor started to discharge. When the ball bearing broke the second foil strip the capacitor discharge stopped.

Calculate the energy stored in the capacitor when it was fully charged.

The voltmeter reading halved in the time taken for the ball bearing to travel between the two foil strips.

Show that the time taken for the ball bearing to travel between the two foil strips was about 0.1 s.

The two foil strips were 0.50 m apart.

Calculate the horizontal velocity of the ball bearing.

The student positioned the second foil strip with its centre 8.0 cm lower than the centre of the first foil strip.

Deduce whether the ball bearing broke the second foil strip at its centre.

Assume the ball bearing was travelling horizontally as it broke the first foil strip.