OCR GCSE Chemistry A (Gateway) Paper 1 Foundation November 2020 question paper J248/01

1h 45m 90 marks

23 questions

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Which separation technique is this equipment used for?

A Crystallisation

B Distillation

C Evaporation

D Filtration

$Question 1, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

What is the position of carbon in the Periodic Table?

A Period 1, Group 4

B Period 2, Group 4

C Period 4, Group 1

D Period 4, Group 2

$Question 2, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

Look at the balanced symbol equation.

$Question 3, shown as an image$

What does the symbol (s) represent in the balanced symbol equation?

A Solid

B Solute

C Solution

D Substance

$Question 3, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

The formula of magnesium chloride is MgCl₂.

What is the relative formula mass of magnesium chloride?

(A_r: Mg = 24.3, Cl = 35.5)

A 59.8

B 95.3

C 119.6

D 84.1

$Question 4, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

Sodium hydroxide reacts with hydrochloric acid. Sodium chloride and water are made.

What is the name of this type of reaction?

A Neutralisation

B Oxidation

C Reduction

D Thermal decomposition

$Question 5, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

Neutralisation occurs when acids react with alkalis.

What is the ionic equation for neutralisation?

$Question 6, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

Butane has the molecular formula C₄H₁₀.

What is the empirical formula of butane?

A CH₅

B C₂H₅

C C₄H₁₀

D CH₁₄

$Question 7, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

Ammonia has a simple molecular structure.

Which statement explains why ammonia has a low melting point and a low boiling point?

A The covalent bonds between the atoms are strong.

B The covalent bonds between the atoms are weak.

C The intermolecular forces between the molecules are strong.

D The intermolecular forces between the molecules are weak.

$Question 8, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

Ethanol, C₂H₅OH, burns in oxygen. Carbon dioxide and water are made.

Which equation for this reaction is correctly balanced?

$Question 9, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

The diagram shows an atom of an element.

What is the name of the element?

A Boron

B Beryllium

C Fluorine

D Neon

$Question 10, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

An aqueous solution of concentrated sodium chloride is electrolysed. Bubbles are seen at the positive electrode.

What is the name of the substance produced at the positive electrode?

A Chlorine

B Hydrogen

C Sodium

D Oxygen

$Question 11, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

[1]

Answer

Oxygen reacts with 1.20 g of carbon. 4.40 g of carbon dioxide forms.

$Question 13, shown as an image$

What mass of oxygen is used in this reaction?

A 0.80 g

B 1.60 g

C 3.20 g

D 5.60 g

$Question 13, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

The symbol of an aluminium ion is Al³⁺. 14

The symbol of an oxide ion is O²⁻.

What is the formula of aluminium oxide?

A A l O

B Al₂O

C Al₃O₂

D Al₂O₃

$Question 14, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

Substance Y melts at −7 °C and boils at 59 °C.

What is the state of substance Y at room temperature?

A Gas

B Liquid

C Plasma

D Solid

$Question 15, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

The particle model shows how particles are arranged and how they move in the three states of matter.

(a)(i)

Draw a line to match each diagram with the correct state of matter.

[2]

(a)(ii)

When a liquid is heated to its boiling point, it will turn into a gas.

Use the particle model to explain why this is a physical change.

[1]

(b)

The table shows the properties of different substances.

(b)(i)

Which two substances are gases at room temperature?

Tick (✓) two boxes.

[1]

Answer

(b)(ii)

Substance C is an ionic substance.

Use the information in the table to explain why.

[2]

Answer

(c)

You are provided with a mixture of substances B and C.

Substance B is insoluble in water. Substance C is soluble in water.

(c)(i)

Describe how you could separate substance B from the mixture.

[3]

Answer

(c)(ii)

Describe how you would then obtain substance C after separating substance B.

[2]

Answer

Acids are substances that turn universal indicator paper red.

(a)(i)

What makes a substance acidic?

[1]

Answer

(a)(ii)

Sodium hydroxide, NaOH, is an alkali.

Sodium hydroxide neutralises sulfuric acid, H₂SO₄. The reaction makes a salt called sodium sulfate, Na₂SO₄. Water is also made.

Complete the balanced symbol equation for this reaction.

$Question 17, shown as an image$

[2]

Answer

(b)

A student investigates the reaction of an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide and sulfuric acid. During the experiment, the student tests the pH of the solution with universal indicator.

(b)(i)

Suggest a piece of equipment that the student could use instead of universal indicator paper to test the pH of the solution.

[1]

Answer

(b)(ii)

Describe how to use the equipment suggested in (b)(i).

[2]

Answer

(c)

* Potassium chloride is a mineral found in many foods.

A student wants to make a salt called potassium chloride, KC l, by neutralisation of an acid by an alkali.

Describe how to make a pure, dry sample of potassium chloride in a laboratory by neutralisation.

[6]

Answer

Electrolysis can be used to separate the elements in some compounds using electricity.

(a)(i)

Look at the diagram of an electrolysis experiment.

Complete the diagram using the words in the list.

You may use each word once, more than once or not at all.

cathode anode battery

[2]

Answer

(a)(ii)

A teacher demonstrates the electrolysis of molten lead bromide.

Predict the products made at each electrode.

Positive electrode........

Negative electrode........

[2]

Answer

(a)(iii)

Molten lead bromide contains lead ions, Pb²⁺, and bromide ions, Br⁻. (iii)

What is the formula for lead bromide?

Tick (✓) one box.

$Question 18, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

(b)

The student investigates the mass of copper made during the electrolysis of aqueous copper chloride.

The student varies the electric current and passes the current for the same time in each experiment. Here is a table of their results.

Current (A)	Mass of copper produced (g)
0.2	0.6
0.4	1.3
0.6	1.8
0.8	2.5
1.0	3.1

(b)(i)

Plot a graph of the student’s results and draw a line of best fit.

[3]

Answer

(b)(ii)

Use your graph to estimate the current needed to make 2.25 g of copper.

[1]

Answer

(b)(iii)

Use your graph, and a calculation, to find the mass of copper that would be produced using 15 A.

Give your answer to 2 significant figures.

[2]

Answer

A student investigates the energy changes in different reaction mixtures, X, Y and Z. Fig. 19.1 shows the apparatus she uses.

(a)

Look at the table of the student’s results.

(a)(i)

Add the temperature change for each reaction mixture. Include a + or – sign where relevant.

Reaction mixture	Temperature at start (°C)	Temperature at end (°C)	Temperature change (°C)
X	20.0	25.5	..............................
Y	19.0	8.0	..............................
Z	20.0	20.0	..............................

[1]

Answer

(a)(ii)

Which reaction mixture has an endothermic reaction?

Tick (✓) one box.

Explain your answer.

[2]

Answer

(a)(iii)

Complete the reaction profile for an endothermic reaction in Fig. 19.2.

The products have already been added.

Label the:

• reactants

• energy change

• activation energy.

[3]

Answer

(b)

The burning of methane gas is an exothermic reaction.

When methane, CH₄, burns in oxygen, O₂, carbon dioxide, CO₂, and water, H₂O, are made.

Write the balanced symbol equation for this reaction.

[2]

Answer

(c)

[2]

Answer

(a)

The start line is not drawn in ink.

Explain why.

[1]

Answer

(b)

Food additive D is insoluble in the solvent used.

Draw on the diagram the spot for food additive D at the end of the experiment.

[1]

Answer

(c)

Which additive is in the tomato sauce ?

Tick (✓) one box.

[1]

Answer

(d)

Calculate the R_f value for additive C.

$Question 20, shown as an image$

Give your answer to 2 significant figures.

[3]

Answer

A student is making perfume using violet flowers.

The student does an experiment to extract the perfume from the flowers using the apparatus shown in Fig. 21.1.

(a)

The teacher says the apparatus is not set-up correctly.

(a)(i)

What is the name of the piece of apparatus labelled X ?

[1]

Answer

(a)(ii)

Name the process shown in Fig. 21.1.

[1]

Answer

(a)(iii)

Suggest two changes that the student should make to set-up the apparatus correctly.

[2]

Answer

(b)

The student finds out that phosphate fertilisers are used to help to grow flowers.

Compound A is a fertiliser of a metal M with the formula M₃PO₄.

The relative formula mass of compound A is 164.0.

Do a calculation to identify metal M.

Use the relative atomic masses in the Periodic Table.

[3]

Answer

This question is about structure and bonding.

(a)

Look at the two structures, A and B, in Fig. 22.1.

(a)(i)

Identify the bonding in structure A.

Explain your answer.

Bonding........

Explanation........

[2]

Answer

(a)(ii)

Explain why structure B has a high melting point.

[2]

Answer

(a)(iii)

Explain why structure B does not conduct electricity.

[1]

Answer

(b)

Look at the structure of a metal in Fig. 22.2. Metals are malleable, which means they can be hammered or pressed into shape without breaking or cracking.

Explain why metals are malleable.

[2]

Answer

Dmitri Mendeleev produced a Periodic Table of elements which is the basis for our modern Periodic Table. He left gaps for elements that had not been discovered yet as shown in Fig. 23.1