Global warming

An increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is causing climate change.

Which of the following is a greenhouse gas?

Tick () one box.

Chlorine

Methane

Nitrogen

Carbon dioxide and ozone are greenhouse gases.

Table 1 shows the concentrations of carbon dioxide and ozone in the atmosphere.

The concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is greater than the concentration of ozone.

Calculate how many times greater.

The concentration of carbon dioxide is 420 arbitrary units.

What is 420 arbitrary units to 1 significant figure?

Cutting down trees leads to an increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

Give one other process that increases the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

Do not refer to deforestation in your answer.

Growing more trees could help decrease the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

Explain why.

Predictions about climate change rely on many sources of data.

Table 2 shows some statements about climate change predictions.

Complete Table 2 to show whether each statement is an advantage or a disadvantage when predicting climate change.

Tick () one box in each row.

Which is one effect of climate change?

Tick () one box.

Increase in lung disease

More fossil fuels available

Rising sea-levels

Bacteria can cause disease.

Bacterial cells do not have a nucleus.

Which term describes bacterial cells?

Tick (✓) one box.

Eukaryotic

Fungal

Prokaryotic

Bacterial cells have no nucleus and are smaller than animal cells.

Give one other difference between bacterial cells and animal cells.

Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a type of bacterium.

E. coli causes symptoms of food poisoning.

Water companies sterilise rain water to produce drinking water.

The drinking water is then transported to homes in underground pipes.

Flooding can cause contamination of the drinking water by E. coli.

Suggest how people should treat drinking water at home if there is a risk of E. coli contamination.

Figure 11 shows two graphs:

The rainfall in one town in one month.

The number of cases of E. coli in the town in the same month.

The rainfall on day 12 was greater than on day 10.

Calculate how many times greater.

Symptoms of E. coli infection usually occur 5 days after infection.

A scientist stated:

‘Increased rainfall causes an increase in the number of cases of E. coli.’

Describe one piece of evidence from Figure 11 that supports the scientist’s statement.

Why might the number of cases of E. coli infection increase in the future?

Tick (✓) one box.

Climate change is causing loss of habitats for wildlife.

Climate change is causing more extreme rainfall.

Climate change is causing sea-levels to be lower.

Climate change is caused by an increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas.

Name two other greenhouse gases.

Do not refer to carbon dioxide in your answer.

Describe one way the rate of increase in carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere could be reduced.

Bacteria can cause disease.

Bacterial cells do not have a nucleus.

Which term describes bacterial cells?

Tick (✓) one box.

Eukaryotic

Fungal

Prokaryotic

Bacterial cells have no nucleus and are smaller than animal cells.

Give one other difference between bacterial cells and animal cells.

Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a type of bacterium.

E. coli causes symptoms of food poisoning.

Water companies sterilise rain water to produce drinking water.

The drinking water is then transported to homes in underground pipes.

Flooding can cause contamination of the drinking water by E. coli.

Suggest how people should treat drinking water at home if there is a risk of E. coli contamination.

Figure 1 shows two graphs:

The rainfall in one town in one month.

The number of cases of E. coli in the town in the same month.

The rainfall on day 12 was greater than on day 10.

Calculate how many times greater.

Symptoms of E. coli infection usually occur 5 days after infection.

A scientist stated:

‘Increased rainfall causes an increase in the number of cases of E. coli.’

Describe one piece of evidence from Figure 1 that supports the scientist’s statement.

Why might the number of cases of E. coli infection increase in the future?

Tick (✓) one box.

Climate change is causing loss of habitats for wildlife.

Climate change is causing more extreme rainfall.

Climate change is causing sea-levels to be lower.

Climate change is caused by an increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas.

Name two other greenhouse gases.

Do not refer to carbon dioxide in your answer.

Describe one way the rate of increase in carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere could be reduced.

In a managed forest:

tree seedlings are regularly planted

some trees are regularly removed.

Figure 12 shows information about the managed forest.

Name the processes X, Y and Z in Figure 12.

Choose answers from the box.

The dead trees are broken down during process Z.

What type of organism breaks down the dead trees?

A farmer removes some of the young trees from the managed forest every year.

Explain why removing some of the young trees allows the remaining trees to grow faster.

Suggest one advantage to the farmer if the remaining trees grow faster.

Explain how growing trees reduces climate change.

You should refer to carbon dioxide in your answer.

A scientist investigated the number of tree species in two forests in 1970 and 2000.

Table 4 shows the results.

Give two conclusions about the number of tree species in the forests in 1970 and 2000.

Figure 3 shows a food chain.

Draw one line from each description to the organism in the food chain.

Which word describes the total number of crabs in this habitat?

Tick (✓) one box.

Explain what will happen to the number of loggerhead turtles if there are fewer crabs.

Use information from Figure 3.

What type of factor is a new predator?

Tick (✓) one box.

Female loggerhead turtles lay their eggs on sandy beaches.

Scientists recorded data about turtles on one beach.

Figure 4 shows:

• the number of eggs each turtle laid

• the length of the turtle that laid the eggs.

Describe the trend in the data on Figure 4.

Female loggerhead turtles return to the same beach each year to lay their eggs.

Global warming is causing the sea level to rise.

Explain the effect that sea levels rising might have on the number of loggerhead turtles.

Greenhouse gases are one cause of global warming.

Methane is a greenhouse gas.

The concentration of methane in the atmosphere was:

• 720 arbitrary units in 1840

• 1872 arbitrary units in 2018.

How many times greater was the concentration of methane in the atmosphere in 2018 than in 1840?

Which two human activities cause an increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere?

Tick (✓) two boxes.

Figure 7 shows part of a food web.

There are four levels of feeding relationship shown in the food web in Figure 7.

Algae are at level 1 in the food web.

Why is it difficult to identify the level of the loggerhead turtle in the food web?

Explain the effects a decrease in the population of clams could have on the other organisms in Figure 7.

Female loggerhead turtles lay their eggs in nests on sandy beaches.

Table 3 shows how the temperature of the nest affects the sex of the loggerhead turtles.

Explain how the continued use of fossil fuels could affect the population of loggerhead turtles.

Use information from Table 3.