Urbanisation and megacities

Identify the correct definition for the term de-centralisation.

Study Figure 1a below.

Percentage (%) of the

Percentage (%) distribution of the world’s urban population by area

Complete Figure 1a by plotting the data in the table below.

Identify the area with the largest decrease in percentage between 1950 and 2015.

Calculate the range of the 2050 (predicted) percentage distribution shown in Figure 1a.

Compare the trend for Asia with the trend for America (North and South).

You must use data from Figure 1a in your answer.

The population of cities in developing/emerging countries is growing due to natural increase and migration.

State two reasons for migration to cities in developing/emerging countries.

Explain two reasons why the rate of natural population increase is high in many cities in developing/emerging countries.

Study Figure 1b in the Resource Booklet.

Suggest one way transport strategies can make urban living more sustainable.

You must use evidence from Figure 1b in your answer.

Study Figure 1c in the Resource Booklet.

In June 2023, permission was given for the development of 39 affordable homes in Stirchley, a suburb of Birmingham.

Identify the distance from the affordable housing development in 054811 to the school building in 066814.

Identify the number of railway stations in Figure 1c.

The housing development will be close to schools and railway stations.

Suggest one other reason why this is a good location for the development.

You must use evidence from Figure 1c in your answer.

You have studied a major city in a developing/emerging country that has experienced rapid growth.

State two facts about the location of this city.

Named city

Evaluate the view that the rapid growth of this city has created more problems than benefits.

Study Figure 1a in the Resource Booklet.

Identify the country that had the largest increase in percentage urban population between 1970 and 1985?

Identify Mongolia’s percentage urban population in 2010.

State two possible reasons for the overall trend in urbanisation shown in Figure 1a.

UK cities are changing due to the movements of people, employment and services.

Identify the term which is, “the movement of people back into urban areas where populations had previously declined”.

Study Figure 1b in the Resource Booklet.

Describe the results of the survey shown in Figure 1b.

Use data in your answer.

Explain one positive impact of migration on cities.

Study Figure 1c in the Resource Booklet.

Calculate the median percentage increase in population shown on Figure 1c.

Write your answer to one decimal place.

You must show your working in the space below.

In Wolverhampton, another UK city, there was a population increase from 249,500 in 2011 to 263,700 in 2021.

Calculate the percentage increase in the population of Wolverhampton between 2011 and 2021.

Write your answer to one decimal place.

You must show your working in the space below.

Explain two reasons why deindustrialisation has taken place in some UK cities.

Cities in emerging and developing countries have experienced rapid urban growth, which has resulted in a number of challenges.

Study Figure 1d in the Resource Booklet.

Identify one factor shown on Figure 1d that influenced the choice of site for Lima.

Suggest one disadvantage of this location as a site for a major city.

Use evidence from Figure 1d in your answer.

You have studied a major city in a developing / emerging country.

Evaluate how successful government policies have been in improving the quality of life for the people living in this city.

Named city

The causes and effects of urbanisation can vary between countries at different levels of development.

Study Figure 1a in the Resource Booklet.

Identify the percentage (%) of Australia’s total population living in urban areas.

Name the country labelled on Figure 1a that has between 50% and 60% of its total population living in urban areas.

Explain one reason why some countries have low percentages (%) of their population living in urban areas.

Study Figure 1b in the Resource Booklet.

Compare the changes in the urban populations of Asia and North America between 1950 and 2020.

Explain one reason why suburbanisation has taken place in the UK.

The city of Kolkata is in India, an emerging country.

Study Figure 1c below.

Population growth of Kolkata between 1980 and 2020

Complete Figure 1c by plotting the data from the table below.

Identify the period when Kolkata’s population increased by 1.2 million.

Calculate the percentage increase in the population of Kolkata between 1980 and 2020.

Write your answer to one decimal place.

You must show your working in the space below.

Study Figure 1d in the Resource Booklet.

Name the river that flows through Kolkata.

Suggest two reasons why Kolkata has had rapid population growth.

You must use evidence from Figure 1d in your answer.

Suggest one negative environmental impact of rapid population growth in Kolkata.

Use evidence from Figure 1d in your answer.

You have studied a major UK city.

Assess the impacts of recent changes in retailing on this city.

Named UK city

The city of St Albans is influenced by its site, situation and connectivity.

Study the Ordnance Survey (OS) map extract.

Which one of the following grid squares does the A1081 main road pass through?

Name the two suburbs of St Albans located in the following grid squares.

1508

1405

Suggest one reason why the area in grid square 1407 became the original site of St Albans.

Compare the land use in grid square 1409 with grid square 1505.

Study Figure 1a in the Resource Booklet.

Identify the age group with the largest population.

Calculate the percentage (%) of Nottingham’s population aged 45 to 59 years old.

Give your answer to one decimal place.

You must show your working in the space below.

Define the term de-centralisation.

Study Figure 1b in the Resource Booklet.

Identify the two correct statements about migration to Manchester.

the East Midlands.

and the East Midlands combined.

combined.

and the North East combined.

Calculate the range of the number of migrants across all regions shown in Figure 1b.

Explain one impact of migration on housing in a UK city that you have studied.

Named UK city

Explain two factors that have influenced the level of urbanisation in different regions of the UK.

In this question, up to four additional marks will be awarded for your spelling, punctuation, grammar and use of specialist terminology.

You have studied a major city in either a developing or an emerging country.

Evaluate how successful bottom-up and top-down approaches have been in solving the problems caused by rapid growth.

Named city

(Spelling, punctuation and grammar and use of specialist terminology = 4 marks)

Urbanisation is a process that has occurred at different rates around the world.

Define the term urbanisation.

Study Figure 1a in the Resource Booklet.

Identify the increase in total urban population between 1975 and 2015.

Calculate Africa’s total population in 2015.

You must show your working in the space below.

Line graphs are often used to show population change over time.

Describe one other method that could be used to present the changing ‘percentage (%) of Africa’s total population’ data shown in Figure 1a.

Suggest two reasons for the growth in urbanisation shown in Figure 1a.

Explain one reason for the location of a named major UK city.

Named major UK city_........

Identify the part of the UK with the largest urban population.

Study Figure 1b in the Resource Booklet.

Identify two pieces of evidence to show that this factory is disused.

Explain one reason why deindustrialisation has taken place in UK cities.

The rapid urban population growth in developing and emerging countries has resulted in a number of challenges that need to be managed.

Study Figure 1c below.

Population (millions)

Population change in Phnom Penh, the capital city of Cambodia, an emerging country

Complete Figure 1c by plotting the data below.

Suggest one effect of this population change on people living in Phnom Penh, a city in an emerging country.

You have studied a major UK city.

Assess the importance of different reasons why people have migrated to a named UK city.

The character of major cities in developing and emerging countries is influenced by their fast rate of population increase.

Study Figure 1a in the Resource Booklet.

Identify the year with the largest percentage growth due to natural increase.

Describe the overall change in Dhaka’s total population between 1981 and 2011.

Use data in your answer.

Calculate the mean in-migration rate for Dhaka between 1981 and 2011.

Answer to two decimal places.

You must show your workings in the space below.

Explain one reason for the site of a named major city in either a developing or an emerging country.

Named major city in a developing or emerging country_........

Identify the meaning of the term suburbanisation.

State one reason why deindustrialisation has taken place in some UK cities.

Explain two reasons why urbanisation occurs at different rates around the world.

The age structure of major cities in the UK is changing.

Study Figure 1b below.

Percentage (%) change in Brighton’s age structure, 2001–2011

Plot the data from the table below on Figure 1b.

State two possible impacts of the population change shown in Figure 1b.

Study Figure 1c in the Resource Booklet.

Identify one piece of evidence that shows this area of Leeds is the Central Business District (CBD).

Explain two recent changes in retailing that have led to a decline in the CBD of some UK cities.

You have studied a major city in the UK.

Evaluate the possible strategies aimed at making urban living more sustainable and improving quality of life for your chosen city.

Named major city in the UK_........

The functions and structure of cities vary across the UK.

Study the Ordnance Survey (OS) map extract.

Name the suburb of Bradford located in grid square 1736.

Identify the settlement pattern for the suburb of Cottingley, located in grid square 1137.

Identify the land use at grid reference 201360.

Identify two pieces of evidence from grid squares 1632 and 1633 to show that this area is Bradford’s Central Business District (CBD).

Recent changes in retailing have created challenges for many UK cities.

Study Figure 1a in the Resource Booklet.

State two possible reasons why the Kingswood Shopping Centre was built here.

Suggest one impact of the Kingswood Shopping Centre on Hull’s CBD.

Identify the meaning of the term re-urbanisation.

Explain two causes of deindustrialisation in the UK.

Rapid urbanisation has taken place in many developing and emerging countries.

Study Figure 1b below.

2010 Year 2025

Figure 1b

Past and projected populations for selected cities in Africa

Plot the data for Nairobi given in the table below by completing the bar chart on Figure 1b.

Calculate the projected increase in Kinshasa’s population between 2010 and 2025.

State one possible reason for the trend shown on Figure 1b.

Explain two negative impacts of rapid urbanisation on a city in a developing or emerging country.

You have studied a major city in either a developing or emerging country.

Evaluate the ways that the challenges of rapid urbanisation have been managed to improve the quality of life.

Named major city in a developing or emerging country_........