Edexcel GCSE Geography A Paper 2: The Human Environment June 2023 question paper 1GA0/02

The causes and effects of urbanisation can vary between countries at different levels of development.

Study Figure 1a in the Resource Booklet.

Identify the percentage (%) of Australia’s total population living in urban areas.

Name the country labelled on Figure 1a that has between 50% and 60% of its total population living in urban areas.

Explain one reason why some countries have low percentages (%) of their population living in urban areas.

Study Figure 1b in the Resource Booklet.

Compare the changes in the urban populations of Asia and North America between 1950 and 2020.

Explain one reason why suburbanisation has taken place in the UK.

The city of Kolkata is in India, an emerging country.

Study Figure 1c below.

Population growth of Kolkata between 1980 and 2020

Complete Figure 1c by plotting the data from the table below.

Identify the period when Kolkata’s population increased by 1.2 million.

Calculate the percentage increase in the population of Kolkata between 1980 and 2020.

Write your answer to one decimal place.

You must show your working in the space below.

Study Figure 1d in the Resource Booklet.

Name the river that flows through Kolkata.

Suggest two reasons why Kolkata has had rapid population growth.

You must use evidence from Figure 1d in your answer.

Suggest one negative environmental impact of rapid population growth in Kolkata.

Use evidence from Figure 1d in your answer.

You have studied a major UK city.

Assess the impacts of recent changes in retailing on this city.

Named UK city

International trade has influenced the development of many developing and emerging countries, such as Guyana.

Study Figure 2a and Figure 2b below.

Countries that provided Guyana’s imports (goods coming into Guyana) in 2019

Countries where Guyana sold its exports (goods leaving Guyana) in 2019

Label Figure 2a, by using the information in the table below, to complete the pie chart.

Calculate the total percentage of Guyana’s imports that came from Liberia and the USA.

Name the country that received the largest percentage of Guyana’s exports.

State two ways that international trade may help a country to develop.

Explain one way a geopolitical relationship has affected the development of a named developing or emerging country.

Named country

Explain two physical factors that have led to some countries having a high level of development.

Study Figure 2c in the Resource Booklet.

Calculate the mean life expectancy for the countries shown on Figure 2c.

Write your answer to one decimal place.

You must show your working in the space below.

Describe the relationship between GNI per capita and life expectancy shown in Figure 2c.

Identify two reasons why life expectancy has increased in some countries over the last 30 years.

Figure 2c includes two measures used to calculate the Human Development Index (HDI) for a country.

State one other measure used in the calculation of the HDI.

Explain one way that investment by transnational corporations (TNCs) has increased the development of some developing and emerging countries.

Assess the importance of historical and economic factors in the development of countries.

The environment provides natural resources that can be used to meet human needs.

Define the term biotic.

Explain one reason why fossil fuels are non-renewable.

Name one area of the UK where most of the agriculture is arable farming (growing crops).

Study Figure 3 in the Resource Booklet.

Identify the two correct statements about soya farming.

Calculate the number of tonnes of soya imported by the UK from South America last year, using the data in Figure 3.

You must show your working in the space below.

Suggest one negative impact of soya farming on the environment.

Use evidence from Figure 3 in your answer.

Define the term energy mix.

Different resources are being developed to meet the growing demand for energy.

Study Figure 4 in the Resource Booklet.

Identify the energy resource that had a consumption of 100 quadrillion Btu in 2005.

Calculate the increase in consumption of coal (quadrillion Btu) between 1990 and 2020.

Name the energy resource with a predicted increase of 30 quadrillion Btu.

State one possible reason for the predicted trend in consumption of renewables between 2020 and 2040.

Describe one method that could be used to collect different views about the sustainable use of energy resources.

Explain two reasons why the global demand for energy has increased over the last 100 years.

In this question, up to four additional marks will be awarded for your spelling, punctuation, grammar and use of specialist terminology.

Evaluate the extent to which fracking can meet the future demand for energy.

(Spelling, punctuation, grammar and use of specialist terminology = 4 marks)

Define the term water surplus.

Water consumption patterns around the world have changed over time.

Study Figure 5 in the Resource Booklet.

Identify the total water consumption (km³/year) by all sectors in 2010.

Calculate the increase in water consumption by agriculture (km³/year) between 1990 and 2020.

Name the sector with the smallest predicted change between 2020 and 2040.

State one possible reason for the trend in domestic water consumption between 1990 and 2020.

Describe one method that could be used to collect different views about the sustainable use of water resources.

Explain two reasons why some parts of the world have a limited supply of fresh water.

In this question, up to four additional marks will be awarded for your spelling, punctuation, grammar and use of specialist terminology.

Evaluate the extent to which desalination can meet the future demand for water.

(Spelling, punctuation, grammar and use of specialist terminology = 4 marks)