The UK’s landscape is made up of different rock types.
Identify which one of the following is an igneous rock.
(1)
State one characteristic of igneous rocks.
(1)
Study Figure 1 in the Resource Booklet.
Identify the type of woodland in grid square 7084.
(1)
Name the settlement at 723828.
(1)
Explain one way that geology has affected the development of UK landscapes.
(2)
Coastal landscapes are constantly being changed by different processes.
Study Figure 2a in the Resource Booklet.
Identify the year with the greatest amount of coastal erosion.
(1)
Explain one reason why rates of coastal erosion may change over time.
(2)
Study Figures 2b and 2c in the Resource Booklet.
Examine the role of physical processes in the formation of the spit shown in Figures 2b and 2c.
You must use evidence from Figures 2b and 2c in your answer.
(8)
River landscapes are constantly being changed by different processes.
Name one type of erosion.
(1)
Study Figure 3a in the Resource Booklet.
Identify the peak discharge shown on Figure 3a.
(1)
Explain one reason why there is a lag time between peak rainfall and peak discharge following a storm.
(2)
Study Figures 3b and 3c in the Resource Booklet.
Examine the possible advantages and disadvantages of the reservoir and dam shown in Figures 3b and 3c.
You must use evidence from Figures 3b and 3c in your answer.
(8)
A variety of processes interact to shape glaciated upland landscapes.
Name one type of weathering.
(1)
Study Figure 4a in the Resource Booklet.
Identify the grid square in which Red Tarn is located.
(1)
Explain how arêtes are formed.
(2)
Study Figures 4b and 4c in the Resource Booklet.
Examine the possible advantages and disadvantages of the development of the ski resort shown in Figures 4b and 4c.
You must use evidence from Figures 4b and 4c in your answer.
(8)
The causes of drought are complex.
Define the term drought.
(1)
Study Figure 5a in the Resource Booklet.
Identify the amount of winter rainfall in 1995.
(1)
Calculate the range of winter rainfall.
You must show your working in the space below.
(2)
Explain one reason why some locations are more vulnerable to drought than others.
(3)
The global climate was different in the past.
State one cause of natural climate change.
(1)
Explain one way in which tree rings can provide evidence of natural climate change.
(2)
Study Figure 6a in the Resource Booklet.
Explain one reason for the changes in global temperatures shown on Figure 6a.
You must use evidence from Figure 6a in your answer.
(3)
Tropical cyclones are extreme weather events.
Study Figure 6b in the Resource Booklet.
Calculate the mean number of deaths per tropical cyclone shown on Figure 6b.
You must show your working in the space below.
Mean number of deaths........
(2)
Explain one reason why some tropical cyclones lead to more deaths than others.
(4)
Study Figure 6c in the Resource Booklet.
Identify the ocean surface temperature range at X.
(1)
Suggest one reason for the link between ocean surface temperature and the location of tropical cyclones.
You must use evidence from Figure 6c in your answer.
(2)
Evaluate the following statement.
(8)
Large-scale ecosystems are found in different parts of the world.
Study Figure 7a below.
Temperature (°C)
Precipitation (mm)
Figure 7a
Climate graph showing mean monthly data for an area of boreal forest in Alberta, Canada
Plot the precipitation data for May and September to complete Figure 7a.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
| Temperature (°C) | −9.9 | −8.8 | −4.4 | 3.6 | 9.8 | 13 | 16.7 | 15.1 | 10.9 | 5.4 | −2.2 | −6.6 |
| Precipitation (mm) | 17 | 20 | 26 | 35 | 52 | 88 | 58 | 59 | 34 | 23 | 16 | 15 |
(2)
Calculate the median precipitation using the data table above.
You must show your working in the space below.
(2)
Explain one way climate can influence the distribution of large-scale ecosystems.
(3)
Tropical rainforests have a range of distinguishing features.
Study Figure 7b in the Resource Booklet.
Identify which animals are eaten by bats.
(1)
Identify which animals eat worms.
(1)
Study Figure 7c below.
Information about deforestation in Indonesia
Calculate the percentage decrease in the estimated forest cover in Indonesia between 1900 and 2000.
Answer to one decimal place.
You must show your working in the space below.
(2)
Explain two economic reasons for the deforestation of tropical rainforest in Indonesia.
You must use evidence from Figure 7c in your answer.
(4)
Deciduous woodlands are common in temperate areas.
State one example of a service provided by deciduous woodland ecosystems.
(1)
Explain one way in which animals adapt to the environment in deciduous woodlands.
(2)
Explain one approach to the sustainable management of deciduous woodlands.
(4)
In this question, four of the marks awarded will be for your spelling, punctuation, grammar and for your use of specialist terminology.
Assess the view that climate is the most important reason why tropical rainforests have higher biodiversity than deciduous woodlands.
(Spelling, punctuation, grammar and use of specialist terminology = 4 marks)
(12)
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