Climate change: evidence, causes & effects

The global climate is changing due to both human and natural reasons.

State two pieces of evidence for natural climate change.

Study Figure 6a in the Resource Booklet.

Calculate the range of solar energy shown in Figure 6a.

Answer to one decimal place.

You must show your working in the space below.

Suggest one way the variation in solar energy might have affected global temperatures between 1620 and 1720.

You must use evidence from Figure 6a in your answer.

Methane is a greenhouse gas.

Study Figure 6b in the Resource Booklet.

Calculate the percentage increase in the amount of methane in the atmosphere between 2010 and 2022 shown in Figure 6b.

Answer to one decimal place.

You must show your working in the space below.

State one reason for the increase in the amount of methane in the atmosphere.

Tropical cyclones (hurricanes and typhoons) are extreme weather events.

Identify the latitudes where tropical cyclones form.

State one reason why some tropical cyclones lead to more deaths than others.

Study Figures 6c and 6d in the Resource Booklet.

Explain two responses to tropical cyclones.

You must use evidence from Figures 6c and 6d in your answer.

Figure 6c

Figure 6d

In this question, up to four additional marks will be awarded for your spelling, punctuation, grammar and for your use of specialist terminology.

Assess the impacts of drought on people and ecosystems in a named developed country.

Named developed country

(Spelling, punctuation, grammar and use of specialist terminology = 4 marks)

The global climate was different in the past.

State one piece of evidence for natural climate change.

Study Figure 6a in the Resource Booklet.

Calculate the range of annual CO₂ emissions shown in Figure 6a.

You must show your working in the space below.

Study Figures 6b and 6c in the Resource Booklet.

Suggest two impacts of climate change.

You must use evidence from Figure 6b and Figure 6c in your answers.

Impact one (Figure 6b)

Impact two (Figure 6c)

Explain one human cause of drought.

Explain one reason why droughts are hazardous.

Tropical cyclones are extreme weather events.

Study Figure 6d in the Resource Booklet.

Identify the latitudes within which Tropical Cyclone Asani travelled.

Study Figure 6e in the Resource Booklet.

Calculate the mean of the maximum wind speeds shown in Figure 6e.

Answer to one decimal place.

You must show your working in the space below.

In this question, four of the marks awarded will be for your spelling, punctuation, grammar and for your use of specialist terminology.

Assess the importance of the different impacts of tropical cyclones in a named emerging or developing country.

Named emerging or developing country

(Spelling, punctuation, grammar and use of specialist terminology = 4 marks)

Study Figure 5a in the Resource Booklet.

Identify the region with the lowest increase in flood risk by 2080.

Describe the pattern of the predicted increase in flood risk in Scotland.

State two possible reasons why flood risk is expected to increase in the UK by 2080.

Study Figure 5b in the Resource Booklet.

Explain one impact of flooding on people in the UK.

Explain two approaches to managing flood risk in the UK.

In this question, up to four additional marks will be awarded for your spelling, punctuation, grammar and your use of specialist terminology.

Use the information from the Resource Booklet (Figures 5a to 5e) as well as knowledge and understanding from the rest of your geography course.

Discuss this view.

(Spelling, punctuation, grammar and use of specialist terminology = 4 marks)

The global climate was different in the past.

State one cause of natural climate change.

Explain one way in which tree rings can provide evidence of natural climate change.

Study Figure 6a in the Resource Booklet.

Explain one reason for the changes in global temperatures shown on Figure 6a.

You must use evidence from Figure 6a in your answer.

Tropical cyclones are extreme weather events.

Study Figure 6b in the Resource Booklet.

Calculate the mean number of deaths per tropical cyclone shown on Figure 6b.

You must show your working in the space below.

Mean number of deaths_........

Explain one reason why some tropical cyclones lead to more deaths than others.

Study Figure 6c in the Resource Booklet.

Identify the ocean surface temperature range at X.

Suggest one reason for the link between ocean surface temperature and the location of tropical cyclones.

You must use evidence from Figure 6c in your answer.

Evaluate the following statement.

The atmosphere operates as a global system transferring heat and energy.

Name one of the global atmospheric circulation cells.

Study Figure 6a in the Resource Booklet.

Identify the amount of solar energy received (kWh/m²) per day at X.

Explain one reason why location X receives a different amount of solar energy than location Y.

You must use evidence from Figure 6a in your answer.

Explain one meteorological cause of drought.

Tropical cyclones (hurricanes and typhoons) develop under specific conditions and in certain locations.

Study Figure 6b in the Resource Booklet.

Identify which one of the following dates had the strongest wind speeds.

Calculate the total distance travelled by Typhoon Ompong between 12–18 September 2018.

Answer to one decimal place.

You must show your working in the space below.

Study Figure 6c in the Resource Booklet.

Identify the year with the highest number of tropical cyclones.

Suggest one reason for the overall change in the frequency of tropical cyclones between 1970 and 2020.

You must use evidence from Figure 6c in your answer.

Evaluate the following statement.

Human activity is the main cause of global climate change.

Global climate continues to change due to natural causes.

Study Figure 6a in the Resource Booklet.

Calculate the range of the solar energy shown in Figure 6a.

You must show your working in the space below.

Answer to one decimal place.

Explain one reason why the amount of solar energy received by the Earth changes over time.

Global climate is now changing due to human activity.

Study Figure 6b below.

Contribution of different gases to the enhanced greenhouse effect in 2015

Complete Figure 6b by plotting the data below.

Explain one negative effect that climate change is having on people.

Tropical cyclones (hurricanes and typhoons) are extreme weather events that develop under specific conditions.

Study Figure 6c in the Resource Booklet.

Suggest one reason why the frequency of hurricanes varies monthly in the North Atlantic region.

Use evidence from Figure 6c in your answer.

Study Figure 6d below.

Headlines following Tropical Cyclone Idai, March 2019

Suggest two different economic impacts of Tropical Cyclone Idai.

Use evidence from Figure 6d in your answer.

Assess the following statement.

The global climate was different in the past.

Study Figure 5 in the Resource Booklet.

Identify the year with the lowest mean temperature.

Calculate the range of temperatures shown in Figure 5.

You must show your working in the space below.

State one type of evidence for natural climate change.

Explain one negative effect that climate change is having on the environment.

Study Figure 5a in the Resource Booklet.

Identify the offshore wind energy capacity in 2015.

State two impacts of climate change on landscapes in the UK.

The UK government has increased the use of renewable energy.

In 2011, UK energy use from renewables was equivalent to burning 1.9 million tonnes of oil whereas in 2017 it was 5.7 million tonnes.

Calculate the percentage (%) increase in energy use from renewables between 2011 and 2017.

Give your answer to the nearest whole number.

You must show your working in the space below.

Explain two impacts of climate change on people in the UK.

One response to climate change in the UK is the development of sustainable transport schemes.

Explain one example of a sustainable transport scheme in the UK.

In this question, up to four additional marks will be awarded for your spelling, punctuation, grammar and your use of specialist terminology.

Use the information from the Resource Booklet (Figures 5a to 5d) as well as knowledge and understanding from the rest of your geography course.

Discuss this view.

(Total for spelling, punctuation, grammar and use of specialist terminology = 4 marks)

The global climate was different in the past and continues to change due to natural causes.

Study Figure 6a in the Resource Booklet.

Calculate the range of temperatures shown in Figure 6a.

You must show your working in the space below.

Historical records such as Figure 6a provide evidence of natural climate change.

State two other pieces of evidence of natural climate change.

Explain one way in which the Milankovitch cycles can affect global temperature.

Tropical cyclones develop under specific conditions and in certain locations.

Study Figure 6b in the Resource Booklet.

Identify the feature labelled X on Figure 6b.

Calculate the diameter of the tropical cyclone (shown by the line Y-Z) on Figure 6b.

You must show your workings in the space below.

Identify which country is regularly affected by tropical cyclones.

Hurricane Matthew was the first Category 5 Atlantic hurricane since 2007.

Study Figures 6c and 6d in the Resource Booklet.

With reference to Figures 6c and 6d, suggest two reasons for the different impacts of Hurricane Matthew on Florida (USA) and Haiti.

Assess the following statement.

‘Drought is mainly due to natural causes.’

Global climate is changing due to natural causes and human activities.

Identify one natural cause of climate change.

State two greenhouse gases.

Study Figure 5 below.

Mean monthly temperatures in Reading, England

Calculate the modal value of the mean monthly temperatures shown in Figure 5.

Explain one reason why temperature varies seasonally in the UK.