Give one example of a group of people who migrated West between 1839 and 1860.
[1]
Give one example of a way in which the lives of Plains Indians changed in the years
1877–1900.
[1]
Give one example of how African Americans were discriminated against after the Civil War.
[1]
Write a clear and organised summary that analyses big business in America in the years
1877–1900. Support your summary with examples.
[9]
Why did the building of the railroads have such a big impact on the Plains? Explain your answer
with examples.
[10]
4* ‘Slavery alone caused the American Civil War.’ How far do you agree with this statement? Give
reasons for your answer.
[18]
5* How far do you agree that control and ownership of land was the most important cause of conflict
in the early years of America, 1789–1838? Give reasons for your answer.
[18]
What can Source A tell us about the relationship between Alexios I and the crusader leaders when they arrived in Constantinople in 1096? Use the source and your own knowledge to support your
Adapted from C Tyerman, 'Chronicles of the First Crusade', pp90-91, Penguin Books Ltd, 2012. Item removed due to third party copyright restrictions.
[7]
How useful are Interpretation B and Sources C and D for a historian studying the capture of Jerusalem by the crusaders in 1099? In your answer, refer to the interpretation and the two
sources as well as your own knowledge.
Interpretation B – An artist’s reconstruction showing the crusader prince, Godfrey of Bouillon entering Jerusalem in 1099. The image appeared in History of the Nations, published by a large publishing company in 1915. It was a history book aimed at the general public.
Source C – An extract from The Gesta Francorum (The Deeds of the Franks). The Gesta Francorum, written around 1100, was an account of the First Crusade. The author is unknown but it was probably a Norman or Italian knight. This extract from the Gesta describes the Frankish attack on the walls of Jerusalem in July 1099.
“On Friday at dawn we attacked the city from all sides but could achieve nothing, so we were very afraid, yet, when the hour came our knights fought bravely on the siege tower, led by Duke Godfrey and Count Eustace his brother. At that moment, one of our number, Lethold of Tournai, succeeded in getting onto the wall. As soon as he reached it, all the defenders fled along the walls and through the city, and our men went after them, killing them and cutting them down. There was such a massacre that our men were wading up
[15]
8* ‘Religion alone explains why so many joined the call to crusade in 1095.’ How far do you agree
with this view?
[18]
9* ‘The origins of the First Crusade lay in the weaknesses of the Byzantine Empire in the late eleventh
century.’ How far do you agree with this view?
[18]
The paper as printed
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