AQA GCSE Physics Paper 1 Foundation June 2024 question paper 8463/1F

Figure 1 shows a static electricity generator.

The rubber belt is turned by a motor.

As the rubber belt moves, charge is transferred from the rubber belt to the metal dome.

Figure 2 shows a student touching the metal dome of the static electricity generator.

The dome is negatively charged.

Complete the sentence.

Choose the answer from the box.

When the student touches the negatively charged metal dome the student’s hair

Complete the sentence.

Choose the answer from the box.

The hair on the student’s head stands up because the strands of hair experience

Which of the following diagrams shows the electric field pattern around the negatively charged metal dome?

Tick () one box.

Figure 3 shows the negatively charged metal dome and an earthed conductor.

The air between the dome and the earthed conductor is an insulator.

Complete the sentence.

Choose the answer from the box.

The air between the dome and the earthed conductor has

The earthed conductor is moved closer to the metal dome.

A spark jumps from the dome to the earthed conductor.

Complete the sentence.

Choose the answer from the box.

The spark jumps because the air around the charged dome has

Which particles are transferred when the spark jumps from the negatively charged metal dome to the earthed conductor?

Tick () one box.

The potential difference between the metal dome and earth is 300 000 V.

When the spark jumps there is a charge flow of 0.000 002 C.

Calculate the energy transferred by the spark.

Use the equation:

energy transferred = charge flow × potential difference

Figure 4 shows a student putting a coin into a vending machine that sells food.

The vending machine is connected to the mains electricity supply.

What is the frequency of the mains electricity supply in the UK?

Tick () one box.

What is the potential difference of the mains electricity supply in the UK?

Tick () one box.

The vending machine identifies the value of the coin by measuring the resistance of the coin.

The machine applies a potential difference of 0.45 V across the coin.

The current in the coin is 0.75 A.

Calculate the resistance of the coin.

Use the equation:

The temperature inside the vending machine is monitored using an electrical circuit.

Figure 5 shows part of the circuit.

The circuit symbol for the thermistor is wrong.

What is the circuit symbol for a thermistor?

Tick () one box.

How could the potential difference (pd) across the resistor be calculated?

Tick () one box.

At one temperature, the thermistor in Figure 5 has a resistance of 200 Ω.

What is the potential difference across the thermistor at this temperature?

Give a reason for your answer.

Tick () one box.

Figure 6 shows how the resistance of the thermistor varies with temperature.

When the temperature of the thermistor is 10 °C, the resistance of the thermistor is 600 Ω.

Calculate the change in resistance when the temperature increased from 10 °C to 15 °C.

In a ride at a theme park, a person is strapped into a pod that is attached to two stretched bungee cords.

The bungee cords behave like springs.

Figure 7 shows a person using the ride.

How is the extension of each bungee cord calculated?

Tick () one box.

Before the pod is released, the extension of each bungee cord is 7.5 m.

spring constant of the bungee cord = 800 N/m

Calculate the elastic potential energy stored in each stretched bungee cord.

Use the equation:

elastic potential energy = 0.5 × spring constant × (extension)²

The maximum speed of the pod is 15 m/s.

The mass of the pod is 240 kg.

Calculate the maximum kinetic energy of the pod.

Use the equation:

kinetic energy = 0.5 × mass × (speed)²

Use the Physics Equations Sheet to answer questions 03.4 and 03.5.

Which equation links gravitational field strength (g), gravitational potential energy (E_p height (h) and mass (m)?

Tick () one box.

The pod has 24 000 J of gravitational potential energy when at its maximum height.

The mass of the pod is 240 kg.

gravitational field strength = 9.8 N/kg

Calculate the maximum height reached by the pod.

Why is the maximum gravitational potential energy of the pod less than the initial elastic potential energy of the bungee cords?

Tick () two boxes.

Figure 8 shows a measuring cylinder containing some water.

What range of volumes can be measured using the measuring cylinder?

Tick () one box.

A student used the measuring cylinder to measure the volume of a metal ring.

The student tied the metal ring to some very thin string and lowered the ring into the measuring cylinder.

The student could have used thick string instead of thin string.

How would using thick string have affected the measured volume of the metal ring?

Tick () one box.

Table 1 shows the results.

Calculate value X in Table 1.

The student measured the volume of the ring three times.

The results were all the same.

Which of the following describes the student’s results?

Tick () one box.

The student used a balance to measure the mass of the ring.

Figure 9 shows the balance.

The student noticed that the balance had a reading of 0.02 g when there was no object on the balance.

How should the student correct this error after the mass of the ring had been measured?

Tick () one box.

Use the Physics Equations Sheet to answer questions 04.6 and 04.7.

Write down the equation which links density (ρ), mass (m) and volume (V).

A different metal ring has a volume of 0.3 cm³.

The density of this ring is 22 g/cm³.

Calculate the mass of this ring.

Give your answer in grams.

A student investigated how the pressure in a fixed mass of air varies with the volume of the air.

Figure 10 shows the equipment used.

When the plunger was pushed slowly into the syringe, the temperature of the air stayed the same.

How did pushing the plunger in affect the volume of air in the syringe?

Tick () one box.

How did pushing the plunger in affect the distance between the air particles in the syringe?

Tick () one box.

How did pushing the plunger in affect the frequency of collisions between the air particles and the syringe walls?

Tick () one box.

How did pushing the plunger in affect the air pressure in the syringe?

Tick () one box.

A fire piston is a special type of syringe that can be used to start fires.

Figure 11 shows a fire piston.

The plunger is pushed quickly downwards and compresses the air.

When the air is compressed quickly, the temperature of the air increases.

How does an increase in temperature affect the mean speed of the air particles inside the syringe?

Tick () one box.

When the air is hot enough, a small piece of cotton wool in the piston catches fire.

The energy transferred to the air in the piston is 0.0130 J.

The mass of air in the piston is 2.60 × 10^–8 kg.

specific heat capacity of air = 1010 J/kg °C

Calculate the temperature change of the air.

Use the Physics Equations Sheet.

A teacher measured the background radiation in a laboratory.

Which sources of background radiation are natural and which are man-made?

Tick () one box in each row.

The teacher measured the radiation emitted by four different types of radioactive rock.

Figure 12 shows the equipment used.

Each radioactive rock was placed below the detector one at a time.

The radiation was recorded as the number of counts in 1 minute.

The experiment was repeated with different materials between each rock and the detector.

Table 2 shows the results.

Which radioactive rock emitted only alpha radiation?

Give a reason for your answer.

Tick () one box.

Which radioactive rock emitted only beta radiation?

Give a reason for your answer.

Tick () one box.

The teacher took safety precautions during the experiment.

Which precaution would prevent the teacher from becoming contaminated by the radioactive rocks?

Tick () one box.

What is the activity of each rock after one half-life?

Tick () one box.

How does the activity of a radioactive source affect the risk of harm from the source?

Tick () one box.

An electrical appliance is connected to the mains electricity supply using a three-core cable.

Figure 13 shows a three-core cable.

What colour is the insulation covering the live wire inside the cable?

Tick () one box.

What colour is the insulation covering the neutral wire inside the cable?

Tick () one box.

The plug connected to the cable contains a fuse.

A fuse contains a wire that is designed to melt when the current is too great.

What is the circuit symbol for a fuse?

Tick () one box.

The wire in the fuse melts when there is a charge flow of 2.0 C in a time of 0.40 s.

Calculate the current in the wire when it melts.

Use the equation:

The mass of the wire is 0.016 g.

specific latent heat of fusion of the wire = 60 000 J/kg

Calculate the change in thermal energy needed to melt the wire.

Use the Physics Equations Sheet.

The fuse transfers some energy to the surroundings as it melts.

How does transferring energy to the surroundings affect the total energy needed to melt the fuse?

Tick () one box.

A student had an unknown electrical component inside a sealed box.

Figure 14 shows the circuit the student used to identify the component.

The student varied the potential difference across the component and measured the current in the component.

Table 3 shows the results when the potential difference across the component was 6.0 V.

Calculate value X in Table 3.

Figure 15 shows the results.

Calculate the power of the component when the potential difference across the component is 3.0 V.

Use Figure 15 and the equation:

power = potential difference × current

Complete the sentence.

Choose the answer from the box.

As the potential difference across the component increases, the gradient of

What is the component in the sealed box?

Tick () one box.

Figure 16 shows a wind turbine.

Wind turbines may generate electricity when the electricity is not needed.

Two methods that can be used to store the energy from the turbine are:

Method A: Heating water to a high temperature.

Method B: Pumping water uphill into a reservoir.

Which energy store increases when water is heated?

Which energy store increases when water is pumped uphill into a reservoir?

Table 4 shows information about the two methods of storing energy.

Compare the advantages and disadvantages of the two methods of storing energy.

Include calculations in your answer.

Decreasing the amount of carbon dioxide released by different activities will help slow down climate change.

Transport and generating electricity are the two activities that released the largest amounts of carbon dioxide in the UK in 2018.

Explain one change that would reduce the amount of carbon dioxide released by each activity.

Generating electricity

The process of nuclear fission is used in nuclear power stations.

Figure 17 shows the process of nuclear fission.

Complete the sentences.

Choose answers from the box.

In nuclear power stations, energy is released from

The uranium in Figure 17 splits into two parts and

The process of nuclear fission releases electromagnetic radiation in the

Use the Physics Equations Sheet to answer questions 10.2 and 10.3.

Write down the equation which links energy (E), power (P) and time (t).

A nuclear power station has a power output of 500 MW.

Calculate the energy output in 3600 s.

Give your answer in J.

Radioactive waste produced by nuclear power stations has a long half-life.

Suggest one precaution taken to reduce the hazard caused by radioactive waste from power stations.

Nuclear power stations do not generate electricity every day of the year.

One nuclear power station generated electricity for 92% of a year.

one year = 365 days

Calculate the number of days during the year that the nuclear power station generated electricity.

A student investigated how the length of a wire affects the resistance of the wire at constant temperature.

Figure 18 shows the circuit used.

The student plotted a graph of resistance against the length of wire.

Describe a method the student could have used to collect the data needed to plot the graph.

Which graph shows the relationship between the resistance of a wire at constant temperature and its length?

Tick () one box.

The student used a cell that had a potential difference of 1.50 V.

Explain why the cell was not an electrical hazard to the student in the investigation.