OCR GCSE Physics B (21st Century) Paper 2 June 2022 question paper

The table shows some information from the Highway Code.

Complete the missing values in the table.

Use the equation: stopping distance = thinking distance + braking distance

Different factors affect stopping distance.

Draw lines to connect each factor with either thinking distance, braking distance, or both thinking distance and braking distance.

A group of students build four electrical circuits.

All the cells and resistors are identical.

Which circuit will have the greatest current flowing through its wires?

Tick (✓) one box.

Which two circuits will have the same current flowing through the resistors?

Tick (✓) two boxes.

Explain your answer to (b)(i).

Kareem wants to use solar energy to provide electricity for his house.

He fits photo-voltaic solar panels to his roof. These solar panels use energy from the Sun to generate electricity.

Which two statements are correct about solar panels?

Tick (✓) two boxes.

The total energy transferred from the Sun to one of Kareem’s solar panels is 200 J. The useful energy transferred is 32 J. The rest of the energy is transferred to the surroundings as thermal energy.

Calculate how much energy the solar panel transfers to the surroundings.

Kareem draws an outline of a Sankey diagram for this solar panel.

Complete the Sankey diagram for this solar panel.

Calculate the efficiency of the solar panel.

Use the equation: efficiency = useful energy transferred ÷ total energy transferred

Complete the sentences about the energy transfers of the solar panels.

The total energy transferred from the Sun is carried by

electromagnetic / sound / mechanical waves.

The energy transferred to the surroundings are in the form of

infrared / gamma / radio waves.

Charlie builds a circuit to investigate how the potential difference across a fixed length of wire varies with the current in the wire.

Name the meters X and Y.

What is the correct purpose of the variable resistor in this circuit?

Tick (✓) one box.

The results from the investigation are shown in the table.

Plot the results from the table on the graph and draw a line of best fit.

Four points have already been plotted.

Use the graph to find the value of current when the potential difference is 7 V.

Calculate the resistance of the metal wire.

Use the equation: resistance = potential difference ÷ current

Use the graph or the table.

Suggest how Charlie can find out if the resistance of the wire changes with its length.

Sam investigates how blue light moves through a glass prism.

Sam draws a ray diagram for his experiment, showing the angles that he measures. He measures the angle of incidence, i, and the angle of refraction, r, in degrees.

Which statements about the experiment are true and which are false ?

Tick (✓) one box in each row.

Suggest one hazard in this experiment, and one way of reducing the risk of this hazard.

Hazard........

Reducing risk of hazard........

Sam’s results are shown in the table.

Give two conclusions that Sam can make from the results.

Give one reason for your answer to (d).

6* Azmi builds a circuit to investigate how the strength of a magnetic field produced by an electromagnet affects the number of metal pins attracted to it.

He changes the number of turns of insulated copper wire on a wooden rod to change the strength of the magnetic field produced.

Azmi’s results are shown in the table.

Describe how the results in the table can be collected, and what conclusions Azmi can make from his results.

Include the independent, dependent, and control variables in your answer.

In November 2020 a space company carried out a test flight of a rocket. The rocket reached a height of 12.5 km before falling back to Earth.

Complete the sentences about the change in the energy stores for the test flight of the rocket.

Use words from the list.

chemical kinetic nuclear thermal electromagnetic elastic

The fuel in the rocket provided a........ energy store.

As the rocket accelerated, the useful........ energy store increased.

Describe one energy transfer as the rocket returned to Earth.

The rocket reached a maximum height above the surface of the Earth of 12.5 km. The rocket had a mass of 120 000 kg.

Calculate its gravitational potential energy store at its maximum height.

Use the equation: gravitational potential energy = mass × gravitational field strength × height

Gravitational field strength = 10 N / kg

Which three statements are true about the series of fission reactions in the diagram?

Tick (✓) three boxes.

One possible product of the nuclear fission of uranium-235 is strontium-90.

Strontium-90 emits beta particles, and decays to yttrium (Yt).

Complete the decay equation for strontium-90.

The decay graph for strontium-90 is shown.

Use the graph to find the half-life of strontium-90.

Use the graph to find the percentage activity of strontium-90 after 100 years.

How many protons are there in a strontium-88 nucleus?

How many neutrons are there in a strontium-88 nucleus?

Scientists want to understand more about the similarities and differences between the Earth and the Moon.

In 1969 Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin were the first men to walk on the Moon. One of their mission objectives was to return samples of Moon rock to the Earth.

Suggest why they wanted to analyse samples of rock from the Moon.

The Moon mission was dangerous and if something went wrong it could have resulted in their death.

Suggest two reasons why they were willing to take this risk.

When they returned the samples of Moon rock to Earth, scientists identified the rocks by measuring their density.

The table shows the density of some rocks.

One of the Moon rocks had a mass of 31 g and a volume of 9.7 cm³.

Which type of rock was this?

Use the Data Sheet.

In which measurement, A, B, C or D, is the ruler unbalanced?

Tick (✓) one box

Give one reason for your answer to (a).

Amir replaces the load force with an unknown weight, W, and places it 45 cm from the pivot.

He finds that the ruler balances when a 6 N effort force is placed 35 cm from the pivot.

Calculate the size of the unknown weight, W.

Give your answer to 2 decimal places.

Layla is investigating how the pressure of a given mass of gas changes when the volume of the gas is increased.

She uses the apparatus shown in Fig. 11.1, and keeps the experiment at a constant temperature.

Explain why Layla needs to keep the temperature constant.

Use ideas from the particle model in your answer.

Fig. 11.2 shows a close-up image of the gas syringe and the path of a gas particle hitting the piston.

Gas particle

Draw an arrow on Fig. 11.2 to show the direction of the net force applied to the piston by the

gas particle.

Calculate the total force acting on the area of the piston when the volume of the gas is 8.0 cm³.

The cross sectional area of the piston is 4 cm².

Use information from the table and the Data Sheet.

Calculate the constant for this given mass of gas.

Use the equation: pressure × volume = constant

Give your answer to 2 significant figures.

Explain what conclusions Layla can make from the results in her table.

Use data from the table to support your answer.

12* The table shows the half-life and penetration power of some isotopes, A to E.

A medical tracer is injected into the body, for medical imaging purposes. A medical tracer contains a radioactive isotope that emits radiation. This radiation is detected from outside the body to produce an image.

Evaluate which isotope would be best suited to be used as a medical tracer.

Use your knowledge of the risks and benefits of using radioactive isotopes for medical imaging in your answer.