OCR GCSE Physics A (Gateway) Paper 1 Foundation June 2023 question paper (J249/01)

Which statement is an example of a chemical change?

A Boiling milk

B Freezing water

C Frying an egg

D Melting ice cream

$Question 1, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

Which diagram shows the correct model of an atom?

$Question 2, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

Which row describes the particles in a gas ?

	Distance between particles Arrangement of particles
A	close together random
B	close together regular
C	far apart random
D	far apart regular

$Question 3, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

A student connects four circuits using identical cells and identical lamps.

Which circuit has the brightest lamps?

$Question 4, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

Which diagram correctly shows a charged balloon attracting a stream of water?

$Question 5, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

The time taken for four students to run a race is recorded.

Student	Time taken (s)
1	21.5
2	21.6
3	21.0
4	21.5

What is the mean time taken by the students?

A 16.0 s

B 21.4 s

C 21.5 s

D 85.6 s

$Question 6, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

Which circuit diagram shows how the brightness of a lamp is changed using a variable resistor?

$Question 7, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

A magnet attracts two paperclips. S represents a South pole and N represents a North pole.

Which diagram shows the correct magnetic poles of each paperclip?

$Question 8, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

Which row states the correct term used for the rate of flow of charge and a condition for charge to

$Question 9, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

In which of these situations is the most work done?

A 5 kg cat climbing 5 m vertically upwards

B 10 kg dog climbing 10 m vertically upwards

C 50 kg boy climbing 10 m vertically upwards

D 75 kg man climbing 5 m vertically upwards

$Question 10, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

Specific latent heat is the energy transferred when 1 kg of a substance changes state.

Which row lists the correct change of state for specific latent heat of fusion and specific latent

$Question 11, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

Which pair of resistors has the greatest total resistance?

$Question 12, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

A student investigates the gears on their bicycle.

The larger cog has 60 teeth and the smaller cog has 20 teeth.

If the larger cog rotates once, how many times does the smaller cog rotate?

A 1

B 3

C 40

D 80

$Question 13, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

The current in a wire is 5.0 A.

What is the charge flow in the wire in 2 minutes?

Use the equation: charge flow = current × time

A 0.40 C

B 2.5 C

C 10 C

D 600 C

$Question 14, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

What is 15 J converted into newton-metres?

A 0.15 N m

B 1.5 N m

C 15 N m

D 150 N m

$Question 15, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

The diagram shows a toy car rolling down a smooth ramp onto a smooth table where it travels at a constant velocity.

Smooth table

(a)(i)

Suggest the equipment the student uses to measure the distance travelled by the car on the ramp.

[1]

Answer

(a)(ii)

Suggest the equipment the student uses to measure the time it takes the car to roll down the ramp.

[1]

Answer

(b)

This is the velocity–time graph for the car.

(b)(i)

State the time the car starts to move.

[1]

Answer

(b)(ii)

State the time the car reaches the bottom of the ramp.

[1]

Answer

(b)(iii)

Describe how the acceleration of the car will change if the ramp is made steeper.

[1]

Answer

(b)(iv)

Draw a line on the graph to show the acceleration of the car if the ramp is made steeper.

[1]

Answer

(c)

Velocity and speed are different quantities.

Complete the sentence about velocity. Use words from the list.

acceleration direction energy force magnitude

Velocity is a vector quantity because it has........ and........

[2]

Answer

(a)

A student draws current–potential difference (I-V) graphs for three different components. These are shown in Fig. 17.1.

Draw one line from each component to its correct current–potential difference graph.

Fig. 17.1

[2]

Answer

(b)

The student uses the circuit in Fig. 17.2 to investigate the current in component X and the potential difference across it.

Fig. 17.2

(b)(i)

State the name of the measuring instrument the student uses to measure the current in the circuit.

[1]

Answer

(b)(ii)

Draw the circuit symbol for the measuring instrument in (b)(i) in a correct position in Fig. 17.2.

[2]

Answer

(b)(iii)

State the name of the measuring instrument the student uses to measure the potential difference across component X.

[1]

Answer

(b)(iv)

Draw the circuit symbol for the measuring instrument in (b)(iii) in a correct position in Fig. 17.3.

Fig. 17.3

[2]

Answer

(c)

Component X has a resistance of 6.0 maths symbol .

A current of 4.0 A flows through component X.

Calculate the potential difference across component X.

Use the Equation Sheet.

[3]

Answer

A student investigates how the number of turns of wire on an electromagnet affects the strength of the magnetic field produced.

The student passes a current through a wire wrapped around an iron nail and uses this to pick up paperclips.

(a)(i)

Name two variables the student controls in the experiment.

[2]

Answer

(a)(ii)

The table shows the student’s results.

Number of turns	Number of paperclips picked up
4	5
8	10
12	15
16	20
20	25

Describe the pattern shown by the student’s results.

[2]

Answer

(a)(iii)

Predict how many paperclips the electromagnet will pick up if it has 28 turns.

[1]

Answer

(b)

The diagram shows a sketch of the magnetic field around the electromagnet.

(b)(i)

Add arrows to the magnetic field lines to show the direction of the magnetic field.

[1]

Answer

(b)(ii)

Write the letter X to show a position where the magnetic field is stronger.

[1]

Answer

(b)(iii)

Write the letter W to show a position where the magnetic field is weaker.

[1]

Answer

A student applies different forces to a spring and measures the extension of the spring each time. The force–extension graph shows their results.

A, B and C are points on the graph.

P is the region on the graph between points A and B.

Q is the region on the graph between points B and C where the spring is permanently deformed.

(a)

Use the letters A, B, C, P and Q to answer the following questions about the graph.

(a)(i)

Which letter represents where the spring has elastic deformation?

[1]

Answer

(a)(ii)

Which letter represents where the spring obeys Hooke’s Law?

[1]

Answer

(a)(iii)

Which letter represents the elastic limit of the spring?

[1]

Answer

(a)(iv)

Which letter represents where the graph is non-linear?

[1]

Answer

(b)

State the minimum number of forces that need to be applied to the spring in order to stretch it.

[1]

Answer

(c)

The spring constant of the spring is 28 N / m.

(c)(i)

Calculate the force exerted by the spring when it is extended by 0.15 m.

Use the equation: force exerted by a spring = spring constant × extension

[2]

Answer

(c)(ii)

Calculate the energy transferred when the spring is extended by 0.15 m.

Use the Equation Sheet.

[2]

Answer

(a)

[6]

Answer

(b)

[2]

Answer

(c)

[2]

Answer

The diagram shows two students sitting on a seesaw.

(a)(i)

Explain what happens to the seesaw when both students lift their feet off the ground.

[2]

Answer

(a)(ii)

Calculate the distance from the pivot that student B sits to balance the seesaw when student A sits 0.6 m from the pivot.

Use the equation: moment of a force = force × distance

[3]

Answer

(b)

Student A has a weight of 400 N.

(b)(i)

Calculate the mass of student A.

Use the equation: gravitational force = mass × gravitational field strength

[3]

Answer

(b)(ii)

Student A stands on one foot when they leave the seesaw.

The area of their foot in contact with the ground is 2.5 × 10^–2 m².

Calculate the pressure student A exerts on the ground.

Use the Equation Sheet.

[3]

Answer

(a)

A teacher drops a ball from a height of 2.1 m. The ball hits the floor after 0.6 s.

Calculate the average speed of the ball as it falls.

Use the equation: distance travelled = average speed × time

Average speed =........ m / s

[3]

Answer

(b)

The teacher draws a free body force diagram for the ball as it falls.

(b)(i)

Label the two forces acting on the ball as it falls.

[2]

Answer

(b)(ii)

Explain the motion of the ball as it falls.

[2]

Answer

(c)

A lorry has a mass of 30 000 kg.

Calculate the force needed to accelerate the lorry at 3.0 m / s².

Use the Equation Sheet.

[3]

Answer

A scientist investigates how the pressure and volume of a gas are related.

The results from their experiment are shown in the table.

Pressure (kPa)	Volume (cm³)
300	250
500	150
625	120
1000	75
1250	60

(a)

Explain how these results show that pressure × volume = constant.

Use calculations in your answer.

[3]

Answer

(b)

The graph shows the scientist’s results.

(b)(i)

Plot the missing point on the graph.

[1]

Answer

(b)(ii)

Draw a line of best fit on the graph.

[1]

Answer

(b)(iii)

Use the graph to find the volume of gas at 900 kPa.

[1]

Answer

(c)

Explain how and why atmospheric pressure changes with height above the surface of the Earth.

[2]

Answer

OCR J249 · Paper 1

Question 1

Question 2

Question 3

Question 4

Question 5

Question 6

Question 7

Question 8

Question 9

Question 10

Question 11

Question 12

Question 13

Question 14

Question 15

Question 16

Question 17

Question 18

Question 19

Question 20

Question 21

Question 22

Question 23