OCR GCSE Physics A (Gateway) Paper 1 Foundation June 2025 question paper J249/01

1h 45m 90 marks

23 questions

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Which component gives out light?

$Question 1, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

Which force is a non-contact force?

A Drag

B Friction

C Magnetic

D Tension

$Question 2, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

Which row shows the minimum number of forces needed to stretch an object and the minimum number of forces needed to bend an object?

	Minimum number of forces needed to stretch an object	Minimum number of forces needed to bend an object
A	1	1
B	1	2
C	2	1
D	2	2

$Question 3, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

Which statement describes the gravitational field between two planets?

A It can be attractive or repulsive and depends on the mass of the planets.

B It can be attractive or repulsive and does not depend on the mass of the planets.

C It is always attractive and depends on the mass of the planets.

D It is always attractive and does not depend on the mass of the planets.

$Question 4, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

A student draws a free body force diagram of an object falling through water.

What is the correct label for the downwards force?

A Air resistance

B Upthrust

C Water resistance

D Weight

$Question 5, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

There is a current of 50 mA in a wire for 250 s.

What is the charge flow?

Use the equation: charge flow = current × time

A 5.0 C

B 12.5 C

C 5000 C

D 12 500 C

$Question 6, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

What is a correct unit for pressure ?

kg m / s² A

B N m

C N / m

D Pa

$Question 7, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

Which diagram shows the electric field pattern between two parallel metal plates?

$Question 8, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

Which statement can explain the effects of static electricity ?

A Atoms are transferred between objects.

B Electrons are transferred between objects.

C Neutrons are transferred between objects.

D Protons are transferred between objects.

$Question 9, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

A teacher draws a velocity–time graph for a moving object.

What is the acceleration of the object?

$Question 10, shown as an image$

7.0 m / s² A

7.5 m / s² B

56 m / s² C

112 m / s² D

$Question 10, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

Which is the current–potential difference (I –V) characteristic graph for a diode ?

$Question 11, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

Four objects A, B, C and D are accelerating.

Which object has the greatest resultant force ?

Use the equation: force = mass × acceleration

	Mass (kg)	Acceleration (m / s²)
A	5	2
B	5	4
C	10	0.5
D	20	0.25

$Question 12, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

Two children want to play on a seesaw.

Child A sits 3.0 m from the pivot.

What distance from the pivot will child B need to sit to balance the seesaw?

Use the equation: moment of a force = force × distance (normal to direction of the force)

A 1.5 m

B 2.0 m

C 3.0 m

D 4.5 m

$Question 13, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

A student connects identical resistors together.

Which combination of resistors has the lowest resistance?

$Question 14, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

A large freezer contains 10.0 kg of ice at 0 maths symbol C.

How much energy is needed to change the ice into water?

Use the equation: thermal energy for a change in state = mass × specific latent heat

Specific latent heat of water = 334 000 J / kg

A 3.34 kJ

B 33.4 kJ

C 3.34 MJ

D 33.4 MJ

$Question 15, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

A student draws particle models of a solid, a liquid and a gas.

(a)

Draw lines to connect each state of matter with its correct particle model.

[2]

Answer

(b)

Which state of matter is the easiest to compress?

Tick (✓) one box.

$Question 16, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

(c)

Which state of matter is the least dense?

Tick (✓) one box.

$Question 16, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

(d)

Which state of matter has the least kinetic energy per particle?

Tick (✓) one box.

$Question 16, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

(e)

A sealed plastic bottle containing warm air is placed into icy water.

(e)(i)

[4]

Answer

(e)(ii)

Suggest what might happen to the shape of the sealed plastic bottle if it is kept in the icy water for a long time.

[1]

Answer

A student investigates magnetic fields using a bar magnet.

(a)

Draw the magnetic field around the bar magnet.

[3]

Answer

(b)

The student freely suspends the bar magnet from a wooden stand.

(b)(i)

Why did the student choose a wooden stand instead of an iron stand?

[1]

Answer

(b)(ii)

The bar magnet is able to move freely.

In which direction does the bar magnet face when it stops moving?

Tick (✓) one box.

$Question 17, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

(b)(iii)

Why does the bar magnet face in this direction?

Tick (✓) one box.

$Question 17, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

(c)

An unmagnetised steel paperclip is attached to Blu Tack using thread. The Blu Tack is stuck to a bench.

The student uses the bar magnet to lift the paperclip until the paperclip is suspended in the air.

(c)(i)

Which type of magnet is the steel paperclip?

Tick (✓) one box.

$Question 17, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

(c)(ii)

Explain your answer to (c)(i).

[1]

Answer

The model of the atom has changed over time.

(a)

Three scientists worked on models of the atom.

Draw lines to connect each scientist with the correct description of the scientist’s work.

[2]

Answer

(b)

Suggest one reason why models change over time.

[1]

Answer

(c)

The diagram shows a model of an atom.

Write down which letter, A, B or C, represents the following in the diagram.

The nucleus:........

An electron:........

[2]

Answer

(d)

Complete the sentences.

$Question 18, shown as an image$

negatively charged

The nucleus is neutral.

positively charged

negatively charged

Electrons are neutral.

positively charged

[2]

Answer

(e)

One atom has a diameter of 1 × 10^–10 m. (e)

A molecule has 50 atoms in a line.

Calculate the length of this molecule.

Write your answer in standard form.

[2]

Answer

19* A student draws a distance–time graph of their bicycle journey to school.

Describe and explain the motion of the student at each stage of their journey.

Include calculations in your answer.

Use the Equation Sheet.

[6]

Answer

A student investigates how a rubber band stretches.

This is their method:

• Measure the original length of the rubber band using a ruler.

• Add 1.0 N weights, one at a time.

• Measure the new length of the rubber band after each weight is added.

(a)

Suggest one risk for this investigation and how the risk can be reduced.

Risk:........

How the risk can be reduced:........

[2]

Answer

(b)

The student records this data when adding a weight:

Original length of the rubber band = 5.0 cm

New length of the rubber band after the weight is added = 14.0 cm

What is the extension of the rubber band?

[1]

Answer

(c)

The student sketches a graph of the results of the investigation.

The student removes the weights from the rubber band. The rubber band returns to its original length.

Which statements about this investigation are true, and which are false ?

Tick (✓) one box in each row.

[2]

Answer

(d)

The student also stretches two springs.

(d)(i)

The first spring has a spring constant of 50 N / m.

Calculate the energy transferred in stretching when this spring is extended by 0.18 m. Use the equation: energy transferred in stretching = $fraction$ × spring constant × (extension)²

[2]

Answer

(d)(ii)

The second spring has a spring constant of 48 N / m.

Calculate the force needed to stretch this spring by 0.18 m.

Use the Equation Sheet.

Write your answer to 2 significant figures.

[4]

Answer

(a)

In a shop, a lift moves customers a vertical distance of 12 m from the ground floor to the top floor.

The maximum weight of passengers allowed in the lift is 4500 N.

(a)(i)

Calculate the maximum mass of passengers allowed in the lift.

Use the equation: gravitational force = mass × gravitational field strength

[4]

Answer

(a)(ii)

Calculate the work done in moving the maximum weight of passengers between the ground floor and the top floor.

Use the equation: work done = force × distance

[2]

Answer

(a)(iii)

The lift takes 1.2 minutes to move the passengers from the ground floor to the top floor.

Calculate the power needed to move the maximum weight of passengers in the lift.

$Question 21, shown as an image$

[3]

Answer

(b)

The power of the motor of another lift is 920 W.

The potential difference across the motor of this lift is 230 V.

Calculate the current in the motor.

Use the Equation Sheet.

[4]

Answer

A student investigates the current–potential difference (I –V) characteristic graph for a thermistor.

The diagram shows the circuit that the student builds.

(a)

(a)(i)

The student connects an ammeter and a voltmeter into the circuit to take the measurements needed for their investigation.

Draw one ammeter and one voltmeter in the correct positions in this circuit.

[3]

Answer

(a)(ii)

Why does the student use a variable resistor in the circuit?

Tick (✓) one box.

$Question 22, shown as an image$

[1]

Answer

(a)(iii)

Explain why the student switches the circuit off between taking the readings of current and potential difference.

[1]

Answer

(b)

The student takes readings of current and potential difference and plots them on a graph.

(b)(i)

Describe the trend shown by the graph.

[2]

Answer

(b)(ii)

How does the resistance of the thermistor change as the potential difference increases?

[1]

Answer

(b)(iii)

State the current in the thermistor when the potential difference across the thermistor is 8.0 V.

Use the graph.

[1]

Answer

(b)(iv)

Calculate the resistance of the thermistor when the potential difference across the thermistor is 8.0 V.

Use the equation: potential difference = current × resistance

[3]

Answer

An engineer is investigating the density of polystyrene.

(a)

Describe how to determine the mass and volume of a rectangular polystyrene block.

[3]

Answer

(b)

One polystyrene block has a density of 50 kg / m³. (b)

The mass of the block is 0.60 kg.

Calculate the volume of the block.

Use the Equation Sheet.

[3]

Answer

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OCR J249 · Paper 1

Question 1

Question 2

Question 3

Question 4

Question 5

Question 6

Question 7

Question 8

Question 9

Question 10

Question 11

Question 12

Question 13

Question 14

Question 15

Question 16

Question 17

Question 18

Question 19

Question 20

Question 21

Question 22

Question 23