AQA GCSE Psychology Paper 2: Social context and behaviour November 2020 question paper 8182/2

Which two of the following statements about conformity are correct?

Shade two boxes.

You have been asked to design an experiment to investigate the effect of anonymity on conformity.

In your answer outline the following information:

• what your independent and dependent variables would be

• one thing you would do to standardise your procedure and why this would benefit your research

• the results you would expect to find from your experiment.

When carrying out the experiment you have outlined in your answer to Question 02.1 you should consider ethical issues.

Identify two ethical issues that you would need to consider.

Suggest one appropriate way of dealing with each of the issues you identify.

Ethical issue one

Ethical issue two

Read the following information.

Which of the following research methods is being used in this study on bystander behaviour?

Shade one box.

The results for condition 1 are shown in Figure 1.

When data is plotted on a graph and makes the shape seen in Figure 1, what name is given to it?

Name two other descriptive statistics that would have a very similar value to the mean in Figure 1.

Describe and evaluate Milgram’s Agency theory of obedience.

A researcher wanted to understand the possible relationship between language and thought.

To help him understand this possible relationship, he carried out a study to see if there was any variation in the recognition of colours between people who speak different languages.

The participants were either English speakers or non-English speakers. Only the non-English speakers’ language includes words that mean ‘light shade of green’ and ‘dark shade of green’.

The researcher showed each participant 10 cards in different shades of green. Each participant was asked if the card was a light or dark shade of green.

The researcher recorded how long it took each participant to give a correct answer. The results of the research are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 Total time (in seconds) that 10 participants took to recognise all of the shades of green

Which is the correct ratio of time taken by non-English speaking participants to time taken by English speaking participants?

Shade one box.

Identify one conclusion about the participants’ recognition of colours that the researcher could draw from his results.

Use the data in Table 1 to explain your answer.

How can this conclusion be explained using the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis about thinking and language?

Name two properties of human communication that are not present in animal communication and give an example of each property.

Read the following conversation.

In the conversation, eye contact has been affected by Rosie wearing sunglasses.

What is meant by eye contact?

Identify two functions of eye contact that could have been affected by Rosie wearing sunglasses.

Use the conversation between Aaron and Rosie to explain at least one of the functions of eye contact that you have identified.

A friend of yours is going to have an interview for a summer holiday job and asks for your advice about body language.

Using your knowledge of psychology, suggest an appropriate posture for your friend to use during the interview. Justify your answer.

Describe and evaluate Darwin’s evolutionary theory of non-verbal communication.

Look at the diagram of the divisions of the human nervous system in Figure 2 and answer the question that follows.

In Figure 2, four divisions of the human nervous system are labelled with the letters A, B, C and D.

Identify each of the divisions by placing the correct letter in the appropriate box in Table 2.

Use each letter only once.

Evaluate the James-Lange theory of emotion.

Neurons are nerve cells that carry messages.

Explain the specific function of a sensory neuron.

Give one example of a situation that would cause the sensory neuron to send a message.

Read the following information.

Use your knowledge of Hebb's theory of learning and neuronal growth to explain Vijay’s behaviour.

Describe Penfield’s case study of the interpretive cortex.

Evaluate the research method used in this study.

Describe how a PET scan is used to look at brain functioning.

Read the following article.

The article gives a number of examples of the effects of significant mental health problems.

Identify two examples of effects on individuals and two examples of effects on society that the article refers to.

Write your answers in the correct boxes.

The number of people with significant mental health problems has changed over time.

Use your knowledge of psychology to suggest two reasons for this change.

Researchers used an online questionnaire to investigate a possible link between the amount of time spent on social media and depression. Only people who regularly spend at least nine hours a day on social media were asked to complete the questionnaire. Fifty questionnaires were completed and returned. One of the questions asked participants if they thought that their sleep patterns were affected by spending time on social media. Table 3 shows the results.

Table 3 Responses of participants to the question: ‘Do you think your sleep patterns are affected by the amount of time you spend on social media sites?’

Calculate the percentage of participants who said their sleep patterns were affected.

Show your workings.

‘Changes in sleep patterns’ is listed in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) as a symptom of unipolar depression.

Identify two other symptoms of unipolar depression listed in the ICD.

The researchers used opportunity sampling to select the participants who answered the questionnaire.

Explain one weakness of using opportunity sampling in psychological research.

Briefly evaluate the use of antidepressant medications as an intervention for depression.

One characteristic of addiction is dependence.

What is meant by dependence?

Read the following conversation.

Use your knowledge of theories of addiction to suggest why both David and Georgie started smoking. Use the conversation to explain your answer.

Identify one intervention or therapy for addiction that could be viewed as holistic.

Explain your answer.