Circular flow of income

Which one of the following is an injection into the circular flow of income?

The change in nominal national income per head is an unsatisfactory indicator of the change in the living standards of a country’s citizens over a period of time. The main reason is that nominal national income per head does not take into account

Figure 2 shows the injections into and withdrawals from the circular flow of income of an economy which is in macroeconomic equilibrium.

In the economy, net exports are –$50bn. Which one of the combinations, A, B, C or D,

Table 4 shows the values of nominal GDP and a price index in two different years.

What was the value of real GDP in 2019, to the nearest £ billion, expressed in 2015 prices?

To what extent do you agree that a fall in savings is beneficial for the UK economy? Justify your answer.

Explain how the data in Extract A (Figure 2) show that the UK has had poor real wage growth since 2008.

Table 1 contains data for the rates of growth of nominal and real GDP and the rate of inflation for an economy in a given year. Which one of the following combinations, A, B, C or D, shows the correct relationship between the three variables?

Extract B (lines 8–9) states ‘If injections into an economy’s circular flow of income increase, then this may generate multiple increases in GDP.’

With the help of a diagram, explain how an increase in injections may generate multiple increases in an economy’s GDP.

An economy had a 3% increase in its real GDP over a one year period. In the same period its population grew by 5% and its rate of inflation was 2.5%. From these data it can

To what extent, if at all, do the data suggest that houses in the UK were more affordable in 2017 than they were in 2007? You must use the data in Extract C to support your assessment.

An economy is in a state of macroeconomic equilibrium. The levels of investment, savings, exports and imports are shown below.

It can be inferred from the data in the table above that

The information below shows the changes in key economic indicators for a country

Which one of the following can be concluded from the data?