Employment & unemployment

Extract E (lines 15–17) states: ‘In recent years, some of the BRICS+ countries, including China and India, have been responsible for large foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows into the G7.’

With the help of a suitable diagram, explain how increased inward foreign direct investment (FDI) can affect a country’s level of employment.

Which one of the following is most likely to lead to an increase in the number of people who are frictionally unemployed in the UK?

Explain the factors which determine the natural rate of unemployment.

Discuss the view that high levels of employment are always beneficial for an economy.

Extract E (lines 4–5) states: ‘…banks in the UK decreased lending, reducing the availability of credit for households and firms. This damaged the real economy and created high unemployment.’ With the help of a diagram, explain how reduced availability of credit from banks may lead to increased unemployment.

Changing patterns of consumption have meant that summer holidays at UK seaside towns have become less popular. As a result, UK seaside holiday towns are affected by seasonal unemployment and increasing structural unemployment.

Which one of the following is the most likely consequence of this change in the pattern of consumption?

Extract B (line 9) states: ‘The government spending cuts also severely damaged private-sector jobs.’

With the help of a diagram, explain how a reduction in government spending could increase unemployment in the private sector.

Table 3 contains labour market data, in millions, for the UK in 2019.

Which one of the following, calculated in accordance with international guidelines, represents the UK’s unemployment rate in 2019?

Explain how demand-side and supply-side shocks might increase unemployment in an economy.

An economy is estimated to be experiencing a 2% rate of frictional unemployment plus a 3% rate of structural and real wage unemployment. If it is also experiencing cyclical unemployment of 4%, its natural rate of unemployment is most likely to be

Explain the causes of cyclical and structural unemployment.

Assess the view that falling unemployment will inevitably lead to an improvement in the standard of living for people in the UK.

Explain how government policies can reduce the natural rate of unemployment.

The primary measure of unemployment in the UK is based on the

The diagram below represents the market for unskilled agricultural labourers where

representing agricultural labourers has negotiated a minimum wage of OW_min for its

The effect of implementing a minimum wage of OW_min is that