Edexcel A Level History Paper 1 option: The crusades, c1095-1204 November 2020 question paper 9HI0/1A

How accurate is it to say that papal political ambition was the most significant reason for calling the First and Second Crusades?

How far do you agree that Muslim victories, in the years 1146–87, happened because divisions between Muslims were largely overcome?

To what extent was the accession of Baldwin IV in 1174 a turning point in the government of the crusader states?

How far do you agree that trade between Muslims and Christians was the most significant feature of the economy of the crusader states in the years 1100–87?

Study Extracts 1 and 2 in the Extracts Booklet before you answer this question.

In the light of differing interpretations, how convincing do you find the view that the Fourth Crusade failed due to a ‘chain of unfortunate circumstances’ [Extract 1, line 3]?

To explain your answer, analyse and evaluate the material in both extracts, using your own knowledge of the issues.