Question 1
Which two substances are products of anaerobic respiration in yeast ?
A Carbon dioxide and ethanol
B Carbon dioxide and water
C Oxygen and ethanol
D Oxygen and water
[1]
Answer
OCR GCSE Biology A (Gateway) Paper 1 Foundation June 2018 question paper J247/01
OCR J247 · Paper 1
22 questions
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Question 2
[1]
Answer
Question 3
DNA is a polymer.
What is the name of the monomer in DNA?
A Base
B Deoxyribose sugar
C Nucleotide
D Phosphate
[1]
Answer
Question 4
A student uses a microscope to look at plant cells on a slide.
Which of these methods should they use first?
A Highest power objective lens and focus moving the lens away from the slide
B Highest power objective lens and focus moving the lens towards the slide
C Lowest power objective lens and focus moving the lens away from the slide
D Lowest power objective lens and focus moving the lens towards the slide
[1]
Answer
Question 5
The microscope used by the student has an eyepiece lens with a magnification of 10×.
Which objective lens would give an image magnification of 200×?
A 10×
B 20×
C 30×
D 200×
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Question 6
Which type of human cell is shown in this diagram?
A Egg cells
B Red blood cells
C Sperm cells
D White blood cells
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Question 7
The diagram shows a variegated leaf.
Which diagram shows the correct starch test results for the variegated leaf?
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Question 8
DNA is made of two complementary strands.
The diagram shows part of one strand of DNA.
Which base sequence would be found on the complementary strand of this DNA?
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Question 9
Seedlings were grown with a light-proof cap over the tip. The seedlings had light from one direction only.
Which diagram shows the correct growth of the seedling after two days in these conditions?
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Answer
Question 10
A student wants to test for protein.
What would they use to test for protein?
A Benedict’s reagent
B Biuret reagent
C Iodine solution
D Ethanol
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Question 11
Which of these can be used to treat type 2 diabetes but not type 1 ?
A Diet and exercise
B Exercise only
C Insulin and diet
D Insulin, diet and exercise
[1]
Answer
Question 12
Why do plant root hair cells use active transport to take in minerals?
A Minerals are dissolved in water in the soil.
B Minerals are needed by the plant in very low concentrations.
C Minerals are present at very high concentrations in the soil.
D Minerals are present at very low concentrations in the soil.
[1]
Answer
Question 13
Which one of these stages comes first during mitosis?
A The nuclear membrane forms.
B The nuclear membrane breaks down.
C Chromosomes separate.
D Chromosomes line up on the equator.
[1]
Answer
Question 14
Plant roots respond to gravity by growing downwards.
What is this response called?
A Negative gravitropism
B Negative phototropism
C Positive gravitropism
D Positive phototropism
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Answer
Question 15
Transpiration has a cooling effect on the leaves of plants.
Which statement best describes how this happens?
A Evaporation of water from the leaf removes heat energy.
B Water entering the stomata takes heat energy from the leaf surface.
C Water dripping off the leaf causes heat energy to be lost.
D Water falling on the leaf removes heat energy.
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Answer
Question 16
Look at the diagram of the human circulatory system.
(a)(i)
Write the letter X on the diagram to show the position of the left ventricle.
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Answer
(a)(ii)
Complete the sequence to show the flow of blood through the circulatory system.
[2]
Answer
(b)
The blood travels through the heart twice on one complete circuit of the body.
(b)(i)
What is the name of this type of circulation?
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Answer
(b)(ii)
Suggest two advantages of blood travelling through the heart twice in each complete circuit of the body.
[2]
Answer
(c)
How is the thickness of the heart wall on the left side different to the right side?
Write down two reasons for the difference.
[2]
Answer
(d)
Look at the diagram.
It shows a section of an artery and a vein.
(d)(i)
Describe two differences in structure between the artery and the vein shown in the diagram.
[2]
Answer
(d)(ii)
Write down one difference between arteries and veins that is not shown in the diagram.
[1]
Answer
Question 17
Stomata are found on the surface of leaves.
The diagram shows some of the surface cells of a leaf.
(a)(i)
Write down the name of the cell labelled X.
[1]
Answer
(a)(ii)
Describe two functions of stomata.
[2]
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(b)
Look at the diagram showing a plant cell.
(b)(i)
The diameter of the nucleus in the diagram is 10 millimetres. The actual size of the nucleus is 10 micrometres.
Calculate the magnification of the diagram.
[2]
Answer
(b)(ii)
Look at the picture of part of a plant cell.
Use the arrow on the picture and the scale to estimate the length of the chloroplast.
[1]
Answer
(c)
Photosynthesis takes place inside chloroplasts.
(c)(i)
Complete the chemical equation for photosynthesis.
[2]
Answer
(c)(ii)
Energy is taken in from the surroundings for photosynthesis to take place.
What name is used to describe reactions that take in energy?
[1]
Answer
(d)
The graph is from an experiment to show the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis.
(d)(i)
What is the optimum temperature for photosynthesis in this experiment?
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Answer
(d)(ii)
The rate of photosynthesis was recorded in 5 °C intervals.
The experiment could be improved to get a more precise value for the optimum temperature.
Explain how.
[2]
Answer
Question 18
A class of students investigate reaction time.
Student A drops a ruler while student B catches it.
They then measure the position of student B ’s thumb on the ruler, this is the drop distance.
The diagram shows how the measurements were taken.
The drop distance is converted into a reaction time. The reaction time in seconds for each hand is recorded.
The table shows the results for ten right-handed students in the class.
| Reaction time(s) | |
| Left non- dominant hand | Right dominant hand |
| 0.22 | 0.28 |
| 0.23 | 0.25 |
| 0.27 | 0.23 |
| 0.24 | 0.24 |
| 0.25 | 0.24 |
| 0.25 | 0.25 |
| 0.25 | 0.26 |
| 0.25 | 0.26 |
| 0.25 | 0.26 |
| 0.27 | 0.23 |
| Mean = 0.25 | Mean = 0.25 |
(a)(i)
Calculate the mode for the right dominant hand.
Answer = ........ seconds
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Answer
(a)(ii)
The mean and mode for the left non-dominant hand are identical.
What other conclusions can be made about reaction times in these ten students?
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Answer
(b)
How could these students improve the recording of their results?
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Answer
(c)
The students want to investigate reaction times to see if left-handed people are faster than right-handed people.
How could they develop the experiment to test this?
[3]
Answer
(d)
The reaction in the experiment involves a stimulus.
What is the stimulus in the reaction involving catching the ruler?
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Answer
(e)
Complete the sequence of a reflex arc.
[2]
Answer
Question 19
Look at the diagram.
It shows a vertical section through a kidney.
(a)(i)
What is the name of part Y ?
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Answer
(a)(ii)
Which liquid flows through the ureter?
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Answer
(a)(iii)
Draw an arrow in the ureter showing the direction that this liquid flows.
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Answer
(b)
The kidney is important for water balance.
The table shows the measurements of water balance for two patients in hospital.
| Patient A | Volume of water (ml) Patient B | |
| Water taken into body in food and drinks | 2500 | 2500 |
| Water made in the body during respiration | 200 | 200 |
| Total input = | 2700 | 2700 |
| Water lost from kidneys in the form of urine | 1900 | 1700 |
| Water lost through skin, lungs and digestive system | 1000 | 1000 |
| Total output = | .......... | .......... |
(b)(i)
Calculate the total output for Patient A and Patient B.
Patient A ........
Patient B ........
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Answer
(b)(ii)
Which patient needs treatment for their kidneys?
Explain the reasons for your choice.
[2]
Answer
(c)
Look at the diagram. It shows a kidney tubule (nephron).
(c)(i)
What is the name of part Z ?
[1]
Answer
(c)(ii)
Use evidence from the diagram to support your answer.
[3]
Answer
Question 20
(a)
How are hormones transported around the body?
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Answer
(b)
Finish these sentences to explain what is happening in the body of a female during the menstrual cycle.
The pituitary gland in the........ releases the hormone FSH.
FSH causes an........ to mature in a follicle.
FSH also causes the follicle to release the hormone........
After ovulation, the empty follicle releases another hormone called........
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Answer
(c)
The diagram shows how the lining of the uterus changes during the menstrual cycle.
(c)(i)
Mark on the diagram with the letter E the most likely point when ovulation occurs.
[1]
Answer
(c)(ii)
If a fertilised egg is not present, a change happens to the uterus lining after 28 days.
How does the uterus lining change?
[1]
Answer
(d)
* The table shows the effectiveness of some different forms of contraception.
| Form of contraception | Percentage pregnancies per year (%) |
| Hormonal | |
| Injection | <1 |
| Patch | <1 |
| Pill | 2 |
| Non-hormonal | |
| Diaphragm | 6 |
| Male condom | 2 |
| Male sterilisation | <1 |
Suggest explanations for the differences in the effectiveness of the methods of contraception and explain why the pill is a popular method.
[6]
Answer
Question 21
(a)
One group of students made a water bath using a beaker of water, thermometer and Bunsen burner. Another group used an electric water bath.
Write down two advantages of using an electric water bath.
[2]
Answer
(b)
Low temperatures protect DNA by slowing down the activity of enzymes that destroy DNA. High temperatures break down membranes in the cell.
To extract DNA, some methods use a water bath at 60 °C but other methods do not use an increased temperature.
Suggest two reasons for the different methods.
[2]
Answer
(c)
Stage 2 isolates the DNA.
• Pour the mixture collected from stage 1 into a test tube until a third full. Add protease enzymes to the test tube.
• Slowly pour cold ethanol at an angle of 45° into the tube. Ethanol will float on top.
• DNA is soluble in water, but salted DNA does not dissolve in ethanol and will form white clumps where the water and ethanol layers meet.
• Twirl a glass rod and the DNA will collect on the rod.
• Dry the sample on a pre-weighed filter paper and measure the mass of product.
Suggest two safety precautions which should be taken at stage 2.
Explain why each safety precaution is needed.
1 Safety precaution:........
2 Safety precaution:........
[2]
Answer
(d)
Look at the table. It shows the results from the two groups of students in the investigation.
| Type of water bath used | Test 1 | Test 2 | Mass of DNA collected (mg) Test 3 | Mean |
| Beaker of water and Bunsen burner | 22.9 | |||
| Electric | 33.6 | 32.3 | 33.3 | .................... |
(d)(i)
Calculate the mean mass collected in the investigation using the electric water bath.
Give your answer to 1 decimal place.
[2]
Answer
(d)(ii)
The range of the three test readings for the beaker of water and Bunsen burner was 3.4.
Does the evidence support using an electric water bath instead of a beaker of water and Bunsen burner?
Explain your answer.
[2]
Answer
Question 22
A girl walks from a sunny beach into a dark café.
Diagram A shows the girl’s left eye on the beach.
(a)
Diagram B shows the girl’s left eye after she enters the café.
Explain how you can tell this and how this change happens.
[3]
Answer
(b)
Look at the diagrams.
They show how light is focused in people with different eye defects.
(b)(i)
Name the eye defect in each person.
Person X........
Person Y........
[2]
Answer
(b)(ii)
Identify the type of corrective lens needed by person X and Y and explain how the lenses work.
[3]
Answer
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