Sexual & asexual reproduction

Potatoes are a food crop.

Potato plants are classified as eukaryota.

What type of classification group is eukaryota?

Tick (✓) one box.

Potato plants can reproduce by asexual reproduction.

Which statement is true for asexual reproduction?

Tick (✓) one box.

Flowers of potato plants contain gametes for sexual reproduction.

How is a gamete different from other cells in a potato plant?

Tick (✓) one box.

Plants in the same genus as potatoes have been studied by scientists.

Describe one way a new plant species could be identified as being in the same genus as potatoes.

Scientists have collected and stored seeds from species in the same genus as potatoes.

In the future, these seeds may be used for genetic modification of potato plants.

Genetically modified potato plants could help supply food to the human population as the climate changes.

Explain why genetic modification of crop plants may be important for the human population to survive climate change.

Potatoes are a food crop.

Potato plants are classified as eukaryota.

What type of classification group is eukaryota?

Tick () one box.

Potato plants can reproduce by asexual reproduction.

Which statement is true for asexual reproduction?

Tick () one box.

Flowers of potato plants contain gametes for sexual reproduction.

How is a gamete different from other cells in a potato plant?

Tick () one box.

Plants in the same genus as potatoes have been studied by scientists.

Describe one way a new plant species could be identified as being in the same genus as potatoes.

Scientists have collected and stored seeds from species in the same genus as potatoes.

In the future, these seeds may be used for genetic modification of potato plants.

Genetically modified potato plants could help supply food to the human population as the climate changes.

Explain why genetic modification of crop plants may be important for the human population to survive climate change.

Sexual reproduction in humans involves the production of egg cells and sperm cells.

Name the type of cell division that produces egg cells and sperm cells.

Sexual reproduction produces offspring that are genetically different from each other. Give two reasons why sexual reproduction causes variation in the offspring.

Polydactyly is an inherited disorder.

The allele for polydactyly is dominant, D. A person with two copies of the allele d will not have polydactyly.

A person with the genotype DD is homozygous. What word describes the genotype Dd ?

A person with the genotype Dd and a person with the genotype dd plan to have a child. Determine the probability that the child will have polydactyly. You should:

• complete the Punnett square diagram

• identify any offspring genotype that would have polydactyly.

Embryos can be screened for the alleles that cause inherited disorders. Give two advantages of embryo screening.

Sexual reproduction in humans involves the production of egg cells and sperm cells.

Name the type of cell division that produces egg cells and sperm cells.

Sexual reproduction produces offspring that are genetically different from each other. Give two reasons why sexual reproduction causes variation in the offspring.

Polydactyly is an inherited disorder.

The allele for polydactyly is dominant, D. A person with two copies of the allele d will not have polydactyly.

A person with the genotype DD is homozygous. What word describes the genotype Dd ?

A person with the genotype Dd and a person with the genotype dd plan to have a child. Determine the probability that the child will have polydactyly. You should:

• complete the Punnett square diagram

• identify any offspring genotype that would have polydactyly.

Embryos can be screened for the alleles that cause inherited disorders. Give two advantages of embryo screening.

This question is about reproduction.

Which two statements are true for sexual reproduction in humans? Tick (✓) two boxes.

Humans reproduce by sexual reproduction. Complete Figure 1 to show the inheritance of sex.

Figure 1

Draw a ring around the genotype of all male children in Figure 1.

When children reach puberty, reproductive hormones cause changes in their bodies. Draw one line from each hormone to the change the hormone causes at puberty.

Change the hormone Hormone causes at puberty

A woman does not want to become pregnant. She considers two methods of contraception.

Draw one line from each method of contraception to how the method prevents pregnancy.

Method of contraception How the method prevents

Give one advantage and one disadvantage of taking oral contraceptives to prevent pregnancy.

In sexual reproduction, cells divide by meiosis to form gametes. Which two statements are true for cell division by meiosis? Tick (✓) two boxes.

Hormones are released from endocrine glands. Each hormone travels in the bloodstream to a target organ. Figure 3 shows the position of endocrine glands in a female.

Label the endocrine glands on Figure 3.

Complete Table 2.

Millions of geranium plants are sold each year in garden centres. Geraniums can be reproduced asexually or sexually. Figure 4 shows a potted geranium plant.

Garden centres usually grow new geranium plants by asexual reproduction.

Suggest two advantages for garden centres of growing geraniums by asexual reproduction compared with sexual reproduction.

Suggest two disadvantages for garden centres of growing geraniums by asexual reproduction compared with sexual reproduction.

The genetic material in cells is made of DNA.

Which two of the following describe the structure of DNA?

Tick two boxes.

Complete the sentences.

Choose answers from the box.

Gametes (sex cells) contain half the amount of DNA compared to body cells.

Give the names of the two types of gametes in humans.

What is the process called when the gametes join?

Figure 1 shows cell division by meiosis to form gametes.

Which two features in Figure 1 show that this cell division is meiosis and not mitosis?

Tick two boxes.