Edexcel GCSE Combined Science Paper 5: Physics 1 Foundation November 2021 question paper 1SC0/1PF

Figure 1 shows the parts of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Which row of the table names the parts J, K and L of the electromagnetic spectrum?

All electromagnetic waves can travel in a vacuum.

Which of these is the same for all electromagnetic waves travelling in a vacuum?

X-rays can be useful and harmful to humans.

State one way that x-rays are useful to humans.

State one way that x-rays are harmful to humans.

A person warms their hands in front of a hot fire as shown in Figure 2.

Use words from the box to complete the following sentences.

chemical infrared radio thermal ultraviolet

The electromagnetic waves that the fire mostly emits are_........ waves.

These waves transfer_........ energy to the hands.

A cyclist has a mass of 64 kg.

The cyclist rides from a flat road to the top of a hill.

The top of the hill is 24 m above the flat road.

Calculate the gain in gravitational potential energy, ∆ GPE, of the cyclist.

Use g = 10 N/kg

Use the equation

gain in gravitational potential energy =_........ J

The cyclist returns to the flat road.

The mass of the cyclist is 64 kg.

Calculate the kinetic energy of the cyclist when the cyclist is travelling at 6.0 m/s.

Use the equation

kinetic energy =_........ J

The cyclist then uses the brakes on the bicycle to stop.

Explain what happens to the kinetic energy of the cyclist.

A different cyclist uses a motorised bicycle.

The motorised bicycle is powered by an electric motor.

Figure 3 is an energy diagram for the motor.

Calculate how much energy is wasted.

energy wasted =_........ J

Calculate the efficiency of the electric motor.

Use the equation:

efficiency of electric motor =_........

A car is travelling at 10 m/s.

The driver sees a danger and stops the car.

The stopping distance for the car would be smaller if the car

Figure 4 shows a speed-time graph for the driver stopping the car.

Use the graph to find the driver’s reaction time.

reaction time =_........ s

Figure 5 shows the apparatus a student uses to investigate how the stopping distance of a toy car depends on the type of surface that it is stopping on.

toy car

Describe an experiment to find out how the stopping distance depends on the surface that stops the toy car.

Figure 6 shows a set of results used to find the average stopping distance of the toy car on a surface.

State the anomalous value of stopping distance given in the table in Figure 6.

Use the results in Figure 6 to calculate the average stopping distance.

average stopping distance =_........ m

State one way the student could increase the speed of the car as it reaches the flat surface.

A car is travelling down a slope at 2.0 m/s.

The car accelerates for 4.0 s.

The speed of the car increases to 12 m/s.

Calculate the acceleration of the car.

Use the equation

acceleration of the car =_........ m/s²

Quantities can be either scalar or vector.

Which of these is a vector quantity?

Figure 7 shows a ball bearing as it falls slowly through a clear, dense liquid.

The apparatus in Figure 7 is used to find the average speed of the ball bearing as it falls.

Devise an experiment to determine the average speed of the ball bearing as it falls through the liquid.

You should include:

• any extra apparatus you would use to take measurements

• the measurements you would take

• how you would calculate the speed.

A student thinks that the ball bearing falls through the liquid at a constant speed.

Explain how you could develop this experiment to determine if the ball bearing falls through the liquid at constant speed.

You may draw a diagram to help your answer.

The ball bearing is now dropped through air.

The initial velocity of the ball bearing is zero.

The acceleration of the ball bearing is 10m/s².

The ball bearing falls 1.5 m.

Calculate the velocity of the ball bearing when it has fallen 1.5 m.

Use the equation

velocity of ball bearing =_........ m/s

Figure 8 shows part of a wave.

Use data from Figure 8 to calculate the wavelength of the wave.

wavelength =_........ cm

Figure 9 shows a student sitting on the shore of a lake watching ripples on the surface of the water moving past a toy boat.

The student has a stopwatch.

Describe how the student could determine the frequency of the ripples on the lake.

The speed of a water wave is 1.5 m/s.

The frequency of the wave is 0.70 Hz.

Calculate the wavelength of this wave.

Use the equation

v = f × λ

wavelength =_........ m

Water waves are transverse waves.

Describe the difference between transverse waves and longitudinal waves.

Sound waves travel at 330 m/s in air.

A student sees a flash of lightning.

The student hears the sound of thunder 4.0 s later.

Calculate the distance from the student to the flash of lightning.

Use the equation

x = v × t

distance =_........ m

This question is about radioactivity.

Alpha (α), beta (β) and gamma (γ) are three types of radioactive emissions.

Which statement describes all of these radioactive emissions?

Fluorine-19 is a stable isotope of the element fluorine.

The element fluorine also has several radioactive isotopes.

Describe one similarity and one difference between the numbers of particles in one nucleus of fluorine-19 and one nucleus of a radioactive isotope of fluorine.

similarity_........

Figure 10 shows a Geiger–Muller (G–M) tube attached to a counter. The G–M tube is used to measure the activity of a source of beta (β) radiation. There is an aluminium sheet between the beta source and the G–M tube. The counter is switched on and after 1 minute shows a count of 268.

The aluminium sheet is taken away. The counter is reset to zero and then switched on again. A new count is taken for 1 minute.

Explain why the new count is greater than 268.

The beta source is then also taken away. The counter is reset to zero and switched on again. A new count is taken for 1 minute.

Give a reason why there would now be a reading on the counter.

State the SI unit for the activity of a radioactive source.

*(d) Exposing people to radioactive sources can be dangerous.

Describe the dangers of exposure to radioactive sources and what can be done to protect hospital staff when they are working with radioactive sources.

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