Edexcel GCSE Combined Science Paper 1: Biology 1 Foundation November 2021 question paper 1SC0/1BF

Figure 1 shows a cell from an onion root tip.

This cell is dividing by mitosis.

Which structure is labelled Z?

Mitosis produces new cells.

Give two reasons why mitosis is important in living things.

Draw one straight line from each stage of the cell cycle to its description.

A student is preparing a microscope slide of plant cells.

State what can be added to the slide to make the plant cells more visible.

The microscope has two lenses:

• an eyepiece lens with ×10 magnification

• an objective lens with ×40 magnification

Which is the total magnification of this microscope?

Name one part of a light microscope that can be moved to obtain a clear image of plant cells.

Sickle cell disease is a recessive genetic disorder in humans.

Two parents are heterozygous for sickle cell disease.

Complete the Punnett square to show the possible genotypes of their children.

State the percentage probability that their children could have sickle cell disease.

percentage probability =_........ %

A father with the genotype dd and a mother with the genotype DD plan to have several children.

Explain why none of their children will have sickle cell disease.

Figure 2 shows some information about two types of cattle.

Describe how these types of cattle could be selectively bred to produce cattle that can survive high temperatures and have good meat quality.

Figure 3 shows the leaf of a wheat plant with a fungal disease.

Give two benefits of breeding wheat plants that are resistant to fungal disease.

Carrots have different physical characteristics such as colour.

Which genetic term describes the physical characteristics of a carrot?

Figure 4 shows some carrot sticks.

A student chose three carrot sticks and weighed each one.

The carrot sticks were placed in 50 cm³ of distilled water.

After two hours the student weighed each carrot stick again.

Figure 5 shows the results for these carrot sticks P, Q and R.

Give one reason why the student used three carrot sticks instead of just one carrot stick.

Give two ways that this method could be improved.

Calculate the percentage change in mass of carrot stick Q.

Use the equation

Give your answer to 2 significant figures.

percentage change =_........ %

Explain the change in mass of the carrot sticks.

Why are enzymes called biological catalysts?

Many cells contain an enzyme called catalase.

Catalase breaks down hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen.

A scientist investigated the effect of hydrogen peroxide concentration on the time taken to produce 20 cm³ of oxygen.

Figure 6 shows the equipment used.

State how the scientist could control the temperature of the flask.

Explain why the temperature should be controlled in this investigation.

This investigation used five different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide.

Figure 7 shows the results of this investigation.

Complete the graph by plotting the points and drawing a line to show the trend in the data.

The first point has been plotted for you.

concentration of hydrogen peroxide in arbitrary units

Describe the trend shown in the graph.

Use data from the table in Figure 7 to support your answer.

Motor neurones are found in the nervous system.

Figure 8 shows a motor neurone.

Draw an arrow on Figure 8 to show the direction of travel of an electrical impulse along the motor neurone.

Name both structure K and structure L.

K_........

L_........

Figure 9 shows part of a reflex arc in the spinal cord.

Describe how an impulse passes from the relay neurone to the motor neurone.

Explain the function of a reflex arc.

A scientist investigated the reaction times of five students using a computer program.

The computer screen showed a blue square at the start.

As soon as the blue square turned yellow, each student had to press a key on the keyboard as fast as possible.

Figure 10 shows the results for the five students.

Which is the median result for these students?

The scientist wanted to investigate if the colours of the squares used on the computer program affected reaction time.

The computer program started with blue squares that turned into yellow squares.

Describe how the scientist could compare the reaction times of these students when they respond to red squares turning into yellow squares.

Name the organisation which defines health as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a communicable disease.

State two ways that communicable diseases are different from non-communicable diseases.

Explain one way that the spread of tuberculosis (TB) can be reduced or prevented.

Complete the table to show the student’s data.

* (c) Describe how the physical barriers and chemical defences of the human body provide protection from diseases.