Edexcel GCSE Combined Science Paper 1: Biology 1 Foundation June 2024 question paper 1SC0/1BF

Figure 1 shows a bacterial cell.

What is structure W?

Give the name of structure Z.

State the function of structure Z.

The human body has defences to protect against infection by bacteria.

Draw one straight line from each body defence to its function.

Smoking tobacco is a lifestyle factor that can cause disease.

Name two other lifestyle factors that can cause disease.

Figure 2 shows a method used to extract DNA from strawberries.

Complete the sentences using words from the box.

Crushed strawberries are mixed with washing up liquid and

_........ solution.

Washing up liquid helps to release DNA by breaking open cell

Describe the method shown in stage 2.

What is the colour of the DNA precipitate?

A scientist used this method to find the mass of DNA in four strawberries.

Figure 3 shows the results.

The range is the difference between the largest value and smallest value in a set of numbers.

Which is the range of these results?

Calculate the mean mass of DNA.

mean mass of DNA =_........ ng

Scientists think that chickens were domesticated from red junglefowl thousands of years ago.

Figure 4 shows some information about these birds.

Describe how selective breeding has produced chickens that lay large numbers of eggs.

Chickens have 78 chromosomes in each of their body cells.

These chromosomes are in pairs.

Which term describes a chicken body cell?

State the number of chromosomes found in the gametes produced by chickens.

Complete the table to compare the production of body cells and gametes.

One box has been completed for you.

Some animal cells are stem cells.

Describe the function of stem cells.

The common cold is caused by a virus.

Give one reason why antibiotics are not used to treat the common cold.

The development of a new antibiotic has many stages.

Which is the last stage in the development of a new antibiotic?

Figure 5 shows the effect of adding an antibiotic to a culture of bacteria.

Explain how antibiotic‑resistant bacteria have evolved.

Use information from Figure 5 in your answer.

One source of evidence for human evolution is from stone tools.

Give one other source of evidence for human evolution.

Figure 6 shows two stone tools.

4 000 years old
100 000 years old

Figure 6

Explain how these tools provide evidence for human evolution.

Describe two methods that scientists use to date stone tools.

A student investigated the effect of temperature on the rate of reaction of the enzyme pepsin.

Figure 7 shows the data collected.

Complete the graph by plotting the results shown in Figure 7 and drawing a line of best fit.

The first two points have been plotted for you.

Pepsin and trypsin are enzymes that break down proteins.

Figure 8 shows the results of an investigation into the activity of pepsin and trypsin at different pH levels.

Which molecules are produced when a protein is broken down?

Describe the trend in the graph for the enzyme pepsin.

Use data from the graph to support your answer.

State the optimum pH for the enzyme trypsin.

Explain why there is no trypsin activity at pH 5.

Temperature is a variable that should be controlled in this investigation.

Give one way the temperature could be controlled.

Malaria is a disease that causes damage to the blood and liver.

Which type of pathogen causes malaria?

State how the pathogen that causes malaria is spread.

Measles is a disease caused by a virus.

Figure 9 shows the number of measles cases reported in England and Wales from 1985 to 2015.

Explain one conclusion that can be made about the change in the number of measles cases reported from 1985 to 2015.

Describe two ways the immune system will respond to an infection by a pathogen.

Beriberi is a disease caused by a lack of vitamin B1 in the diet.

Give one reason why beriberi is classed as a non‑communicable disease.

*(ii) Beriberi can affect reflexes.

Figure 10 shows a reflex arc.

When the skin is pricked by a pin, electrical impulses travel through a reflex arc.

Describe the path taken by electrical impulses from the skin to the muscles in the arm.

Include the names of neurones X, Y and Z in your answer.