Edexcel GCSE Combined Science Paper 2: Biology 2 Foundation June 2024 question paper 1SC0/2BF

Scientists use microscopes to study cells.

Figure 1 shows a light microscope.

Draw one straight line from each part of the microscope to its function.

Figure 2 shows two photographs of bacteria.

Photograph A was taken through a light microscope.

Photograph B was taken using an electron microscope.

Draw, in the box, the bacterial cell labelled X.

Label one part of the bacterial cell on your diagram.

State one advantage of using a light microscope and one advantage of using an electron microscope to study these bacterial cells.

A light microscope_........

An electron microscope_........

Plants need light for photosynthesis.

Part of the photosynthesis equation is shown below.

reactant A + water glucose + product B

Which row in the table shows reactant A and product B?

Name the green chemical in chloroplasts that absorbs light.

Plan an experiment to investigate if plants grow faster when they receive more light. Use the equipment shown in Figure 3.

State one factor that you would keep the same in this experiment.

A plant was kept at a very high temperature of 60C.

Explain the effect of this temperature on photosynthesis.

Endocrine glands produce hormones.

Draw two crosses on Figure 4 to show the position of the ovaries.

Progesterone is produced in the ovaries.

State one effect of progesterone on the uterus lining.

Insulin is a hormone that controls blood glucose concentration.

Which endocrine gland produces insulin?

State how insulin is transported from its endocrine gland to its target organs.

Name the main target organ for insulin.

People with type 1 diabetes cannot produce insulin.

Figure 5 shows the blood glucose concentration for a person with type 1 diabetes.

Describe the trend from midday to 1 pm.

State what a person with type 1 diabetes could have done to cause the change in the blood glucose concentration from 1.05 pm to 1.30 pm.

People with type 2 diabetes have cells that do not respond to insulin.

State two ways that people with type 2 diabetes can control their blood glucose concentration.

In humans, gas exchange occurs in the alveoli of the lungs.

Figure 6 shows the structure of an alveolus and its blood supply.

Which process moves carbon dioxide from the blood into the alveolus?

State one adaptation of an alveolus that increases the rate of gas exchange.

Describe how blood is moved from the heart to the lungs.

Figure 7 shows the heart rate of a person before, during and after exercise.

Describe the trend shown in Figure 7.

Use data from Figure 7 to support your answer.

Explain the trend shown in Figure 7 from 5 minutes to 25 minutes.

The stroke volume is the volume of blood pumped during one beat of the heart.

At 25 minutes the stroke volume was 0.13 dm³.

Calculate the cardiac output of the heart of this person at 25 minutes.

Use the equation

cardiac output = stroke volumeheart rate

_........ dm³ per minute

The heart pumps blood.

Explain why the wall of the left ventricle of the heart is thicker than the wall of the right ventricle of the heart.

A centrifuge can be used to separate the different parts of human blood.

Figure 8 shows blood separated into different parts.

Name part X.

Which substance, needed for cellular respiration, is carried by red blood cells?

Name two types of white blood cell.

When a person donates blood, 470 cm³ of blood is removed from their body.

Red blood cells make up 44% by volume of the blood.

Calculate the volume of red blood cells in 470 cm³ of donated blood.

Give your answer to the nearest whole number.

_........ cm³

Before donating blood, a person has a small blood sample taken to check that the blood is healthy.

State two precautions a doctor should take when collecting this sample.

Figure 9 shows a root hair cell from a plant.

Name the part labelled X.

State one way that the structure of the root hair cell increases the volume of substances it absorbs.

Explain why root hair cells do not contain chloroplasts.

*(c) The arrows in Figure 11 show the direction of water movement through a tree.

Explain how water is moved from the soil, through the plant and into the air.