Edexcel GCSE Combined Science Paper 5: Physics 1 Foundation June 2024 question paper 1SC0/1PF

This question is about the electromagnetic spectrum.

X-rays and microwaves are both parts of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Use words from the box to complete the sentences.

amplitude frequency longitudinal speed transverse wavelength

X-rays and microwaves are both_........ waves.

In a vacuum, x-rays and microwaves always have the same_........ .

X-rays always have a higher_........ than microwaves.

Figure 1 shows the full electromagnetic spectrum.

Figure 2 gives information about four of the types of electromagnetic radiation shown in Figure 1.

State the name of each type of radiation next to its information.

A car is being driven at a constant velocity.

The driver sees an obstacle in the road ahead.

The driver uses the brakes to stop as quickly as possible.

Figure 3 shows the velocity/time graph for the car from the time when the driver sees the obstacle.

Which of these is the driver’s reaction time shown in Figure 3?

State one factor that might increase a driver’s reaction time.

Calculate the distance travelled between when the driver applies the brakes and when the car comes to rest in Figure 3.

Use the equation

distance = area under the sloping line of the graph in Figure 3

distance =_........ m

The stopping distance of a car is the thinking distance plus the braking distance.

A car has a device that can detect an obstacle in the road ahead.

The device is linked to a computer that can apply the brakes.

It is claimed that, in an emergency, the computer-controlled car will have a shorter stopping distance than if the car is controlled by a human driver.

Explain why this claim could be true.

A different car has a device that can detect rain.

This device is linked to a computer that can change the speed of the car.

In wet weather, the computer changes the speed of the car.

State the change in speed that the computer should make when the road is wet.

Give a reason why this change in speed is necessary when the road is wet.

A sound wave can transfer information across a room.

Which row of the table shows what else a sound wave can transfer?

Which of these always increases as a sound gets louder?

The speed of a sound wave in air is 330 m/s.

The wavelength of this wave is 0.75 m.

Calculate the frequency of this wave.

Use the equation

frequency =_........ Hz

Figure 4 shows a water wave.

Which of these is the amplitude of the wave shown in Figure 4?

Ripples travel out from the centre of a small circular pond to its edge.

Describe how a student could determine the wave speed of the ripples.

Figure 5 shows a duck floating on the pond.

The ripples cause the duck to move.

Draw arrows on Figure 5 to show how the duck moves due to the ripples.

Figure 6 is a diagram representing an atom.

Write the names of the particles X, Y and Z on the lines next to each letter in Figure 6.

The nucleus of a different atom emits a gamma ray.

What happens to the number of particles in the nucleus?

A teacher demonstrates a radioactivity experiment to a class of students.

The teacher places a radioactive source in front of a radiation detector.

State one safety precaution the teacher should take.

The teacher uses the detector to measure the activity of the source several times.

Figure 7 shows the results.

The teacher tells the class that radioactive decay is random.

State how the data in Figure 7 supports this statement.

Calculate the mean of the four measurements in Figure 7.

mean =_........ Bq

The teacher moves the radiation detector to different distances from the radioactive source.

The teacher determines the mean detector reading at each distance from the source.

The teacher plots the results on graph paper, as shown in Figure 8.

The source emits alpha radiation only.

Explain how the graph in Figure 8 shows that the source only emits alpha radiation.

Give a reason why the mean detector reading in Figure 8 does not fall to zero in this experiment.

Figure 9 shows a person on a skateboard at the top of a ramp.

At P, the person is not moving.

The person rides the skateboard down the ramp from P to Q.

The gravitational potential energy of the person decreases by 980 J.

The mass of the person is 35 kg.

Calculate h, the height of the ramp.

Use g = 10 N/kg.

Use the equation

change in gravitational potential energy = m g h

h =_........ m

The kinetic energy, KE, of the person at Q is 950 J.

The mass of the person is 35 kg.

Calculate the velocity of the person at Q.

Use the equation

velocity =_........ m/s

Figure 10 is a diagram that represents energy changes from P to Q.

State what is represented by X.

Calculate the value of X.

value of X =_........ J

Calculate the efficiency of the system represented in Figure 10.

efficiency =_........

The person would like to start from P again but have a greater velocity at Q.

Suggest two ways that this can be achieved.

Two people, L and M, have a 100 m race.

L starts running before M.

Figure 11 shows a distance/time graph of the race.

State the distance that L has run when M overtakes.

distance =_........ m

Calculate the velocity of L when running the 100 m race.

velocity =_........ m/s

A motorcycle is travelling at a velocity of 6.2 m/s.

The motorcycle accelerates at 2.5 m/s² until its velocity is 10 m/s.

Calculate the time taken for this acceleration.

Use the equation

time taken =_........ s

The motorcycle now decelerates (slows down) from 10 m/s to a stop.

The deceleration is at a constant rate of 4.4 m/s².

Calculate the distance the motorcycle travels as it slows down to a stop.

Use the equation

distance =_........ m

*(c) A student has a trolley and a ramp, as shown in Figure 12.

The height, H, of one end of the ramp can be adjusted.

The student investigates how the average speed of the trolley between X and Y depends on the height, H, of the ramp.

Describe

• the additional equipment that the student needs

• how that equipment is used to obtain the measurements needed.