Edexcel GCSE Combined Science Paper 1: Biology 1 Foundation June 2023 question paper 1SC0/1BF

Figure 1 shows an animal cell.

Which part of the cell is labelled Y?

Which structures are found in the part labelled Z?

Name the part of an animal cell where respiration occurs.

A microscope can be used to observe the structure of a cell.

Figure 2 shows a microscope.

Give one advantage of using a microscope to look at cells.

Draw one straight line from each part of the microscope to its function.

Figure 3 shows some of the units used when cells and organelles are measured.

Give the name of the smallest unit shown in Figure 3.

Figure 4 shows fossils in different layers of rock.

Which layer of rock is likely to contain the most recent fossils?

Figure 5 shows some stone tools from two different periods of time.

Explain one difference between tool A and tools B, C and D.

Our human ancestors domesticated animals.

Animals were domesticated to use as working animals and to keep as pets.

Use words from the box to complete the sentences.

Animals with the most desirable_........ were bred together.

This is called_........ breeding.

Scientists have analysed the genomes of domestic animals.

Which is the definition of a genome?

Give one advantage of domesticating animals.

Which is the reason why obesity is a non-communicable disease?

Several factors affect the risk of developing cardiovascular disease.

Figure 6 shows different BMI ranges and their weight descriptions.

A person has a BMI of 39.0

Explain the risk of this person developing cardiovascular disease.

Changes in lifestyle can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.

State two other treatments for cardiovascular disease.

Figure 7 shows the percentage of people who smoked cigarettes in England from 2011 to 2019.

State the trend shown in the graph from 2011 to 2019.

Give two reasons for this change in the number of people smoking cigarettes.

Draw a line on Figure 7 to show the likely trend in the percentage of people smoking cigarettes from 2019 to 2041.

Smoking cigarettes can increase the risk of people developing cancer.

Which is the description of cancer?

Figure 8 shows some characteristics of pea plants.

The allele for purple flowers is dominant to the allele for white flowers.

Which term describes the allele for white flowers?

A scientist crossed a pea plant that produced round seeds (Rr) with a pea plant that produced wrinkled seeds (rr).

Complete the Punnett square.

State the percentage of the offspring that will produce round seeds.

percentage =_........ %

The scientist crossed two purple flowering pea plants.

The offspring were:

• 133 plants with purple flowers

• 46 plants with white flowers

Calculate the ratio of offspring with purple flowers to offspring with white flowers.

Give your answer to the nearest whole number.

ratio_........ : 1

Explain why it was possible for this cross to produce some offspring with white flowers.

The cells in pea plants are diploid.

These cells have 14 chromosomes.

Explain why pea plant gametes have only seven chromosomes.

Describe what happens at fertilisation.

Apple trees show genetic variation.

State one possible cause of genetic variation in apple trees.

The colour of an apple is an observable characteristic.

Which is the term for an observable characteristic?

Name the type of reproduction that produces genetically identical organisms.

Grafting is a technique used to grow some varieties of apple tree.

Figure 9 shows apple tree shoots grafted on to a rootstock.

Grafting can be used to produce apple trees that are genetically identical.

Give one advantage and one disadvantage of growing genetically identical apple trees.

advantage

disadvantage

As apples ripen, enzymes convert starch into sugars.

Devise a method to find the optimum pH of an enzyme that breaks down starch.

You may use standard laboratory equipment and the solutions listed in the box.

The optimum pH of an enzyme is pH 6.

Explain why this enzyme would not work at pH 10.

Figure 10 shows colonies of bacteria growing on an agar plate.

Each colony starts as one bacterium.

Every time bacteria reproduce, the number of bacteria in each colony doubles.

Calculate the number of bacteria in a colony after five hours, if each bacterium reproduces every 30 minutes.

_........ bacteria

Some bacteria are pathogens.

State the meaning of the term pathogen.

Explain why antibiotics can be used to treat bacterial infections.

A rod-shaped bacterium is 0.005 mm long.

A student draws the rod-shaped bacterium.

The bacterium in the drawing is 80 mm long.

Calculate the magnification of this drawing.

magnification =_........

* (c) Figure 11 shows a bacterial cell and a plant cell.

Describe the similarities and differences of a bacterial cell and a plant cell.