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OCR GCSE Combined Science

Topic questions Using resources Reducing the use of resources

Reducing the use of resources

6 questions · 53 marks · about 1 hour

Reducing the use of resources questions

TopicReducing the use of resources

OCR J250 Reducing the use of resources 6 questions

Chemistry Paper 10 June 2025 Higher tier, Question 15 8 marks

Aluminium cans are made from aluminium extracted from aluminium ore or from recycled aluminium.

(a)

It takes 300 MJ of energy to produce 1.0 kg of aluminium from aluminium ore.

It needs 96% less energy to produce aluminium cans from recycled aluminium.

One aluminium can has a mass of 15 g.

Calculate how much energy, in MJ, it takes to produce one aluminium can from recycled aluminium.

[4]
Reveal mark scheme Mark scheme for question 15(a)
(b)

The picture shows recycling bins in a school.

Figure for question 15
(b)(i)

Evaluate the role of these recycling bins in supporting the recycling of materials such as aluminium cans.

Include both a positive and a negative factor in your answer.

Positive factor........

Negative factor........

[2]
Reveal mark scheme Mark scheme for question 15(b)(i)
(b)(ii)

The aluminium cans which are collected are transported to a recycling plant.

Outline how these aluminium cans are processed ready to be made into new products.

[2]
Reveal mark scheme Mark scheme for question 15(b)(ii)

Chemistry Paper 4 June 2024 Foundation tier, Question 16, also on the Higher paper 12 marks

Aluminium is extracted from a rock called bauxite which contains aluminium oxide.

The diagram shows information from a life-cycle assessment for the manufacture and use of aluminium products.

Figure for question 16
(a)

Give one reason why a life-cycle assessment is carried out.

[1]
Reveal mark scheme Mark scheme for question 16(a)
(b)

Give two reasons why the products should be recycled at the end of their useful life.

[2]
Reveal mark scheme Mark scheme for question 16(b)
(c)

18% of the bauxite rock is turned into aluminium.

Calculate the mass of aluminium that is extracted from 7500 kg of bauxite.

Give your answer to 2 significant figures.

[3]
Reveal mark scheme Mark scheme for question 16(c)
(d)
Figure for question 16
[2]
Reveal mark scheme Mark scheme for question 16(d)
(e)

Aluminium is extracted from aluminium oxide, Al2O3, by electrolysis.

(e)(i)

This is the equation for the electrolysis of aluminium oxide.

Question 16, shown as an image

A student thinks that this reaction is an example of reduction.

Explain why the student is correct.

[1]
Reveal mark scheme Mark scheme for question 16(e)(i)
(e)(ii)

Extracting aluminium by electrolysis is expensive.

Which statements about why the electrolysis is expensive are true, and which are false ?

Tick one (✓) box in each row.

Figure for question 16
[2]
Reveal mark scheme Mark scheme for question 16(e)(ii)
(e)(iii)

It would be cheaper if aluminium could be extracted by heating the aluminium oxide with carbon.

Explain why aluminium oxide does not react with carbon.

[1]
Reveal mark scheme Mark scheme for question 16(e)(iii)

Chemistry Paper 10 June 2024 Higher tier, Question 11, also on the Foundation paper 12 marks

Aluminium is extracted from a rock called bauxite which contains aluminium oxide.

The diagram shows information from a life-cycle assessment for the manufacture and use of aluminium products.

Figure for question 11
(a)

Give one reason why a life-cycle assessment is carried out.

[1]
Reveal mark scheme Mark scheme for question 11(a)
(b)

Give two reasons why the products should be recycled at the end of their useful life.

[2]
Reveal mark scheme Mark scheme for question 11(b)
(c)

18% of the bauxite rock is turned into aluminium.

Calculate the mass of aluminium that is extracted from 7500 kg of bauxite.

Give your answer to 2 significant figures.

[3]
Reveal mark scheme Mark scheme for question 11(c)
(d)
Figure for question 11
[2]
Reveal mark scheme Mark scheme for question 11(d)
(e)

Aluminium is extracted from aluminium oxide, Al2O3, by electrolysis.

(e)(i)

This is the equation for the electrolysis of aluminium oxide.

Question 11, shown as an image

A student thinks that this reaction is an example of reduction.

Explain why the student is correct.

[1]
Reveal mark scheme Mark scheme for question 11(e)(i)
(e)(ii)

Extracting aluminium by electrolysis is expensive.

Which statements about why the electrolysis is expensive are true, and which are false ?

Tick one (✓) box in each row.

Figure for question 11
[2]
Reveal mark scheme Mark scheme for question 11(e)(ii)
(e)(iii)

It would be cheaper if aluminium could be extracted by heating the aluminium oxide with carbon.

Explain why aluminium oxide does not react with carbon.

[1]
Reveal mark scheme Mark scheme for question 11(e)(iii)

Chemistry Paper 4 June 2023 Foundation tier, Question 15 11 marks

In industry, iron can be extracted from iron ore. Iron ore contains iron oxide, Fe2O3.

(a)

Iron is extracted from iron oxide by reduction.

The equation for one reaction is

Question 15, shown as an image
(a)(i)

Complete the balanced symbol equation for the reaction.

[2]
Reveal mark scheme Mark scheme for question 15(a)(i)
(a)(ii)

Why does this reaction happen?

Tick (✓) one box.

Question 15, shown as an image
[1]
Reveal mark scheme Mark scheme for question 15(a)(ii)
(a)(iii)

Explain how the equation shows that the iron oxide is reduced.

[1]
Reveal mark scheme Mark scheme for question 15(a)(iii)
(a)(iv)

Which chemical reduces the iron oxide, Fe2O3?

Tick (✓) one box.

Question 15, shown as an image
[1]
Reveal mark scheme Mark scheme for question 15(a)(iv)
(b)
Figure for question 15
[1]
Reveal mark scheme Mark scheme for question 15(b)
(c)

In industry, iron is extracted from iron ore in a blast furnace.

The table shows information about the production of iron in a blast furnace and from recycling.

Figure for question 15
(c)(i)

Give two reasons why it is better to produce iron from recycling than in a blast furnace.

Use the information from the table.

[3]
Reveal mark scheme Mark scheme for question 15(c)(i)
(c)(ii)

Calculate the mass of iron made from 250 tonnes of iron ore in the blast furnace. Give your answer in kilograms.

(1 tonne = 1000 kg)

[2]
Reveal mark scheme Mark scheme for question 15(c)(ii)

Chemistry Paper 4 November 2021 Foundation tier, Question 15 7 marks

Aluminium is produced from aluminium oxide by electrolysis.

The diagram shows the industrial electrolysis of aluminium oxide.

Figure for question 15
(a)

Look at the equation for the electrolysis of aluminium oxide.

Question 15, shown as an image

Complete the balanced symbol equation for the reaction.

[2]
Reveal mark scheme Mark scheme for question 15(a)
(b)

Molten aluminium oxide contains Al3+ and O2− ions. (b)

(b)(i)

Explain why the aluminium oxide must be molten during electrolysis.

[2]
Reveal mark scheme Mark scheme for question 15(b)(i)
(b)(ii)

Explain why aluminium is produced at the cathode.

[1]
Reveal mark scheme Mark scheme for question 15(b)(ii)
(c)

Aluminium melts at 650 °C.

Describe two reasons why it is cheaper to recycle aluminium than to produce it from electrolysis.

[2]
Reveal mark scheme Mark scheme for question 15(c)

Chemistry Paper 4 June 2019 Foundation tier, Question 15 3 marks

Local councils collect waste from households.

The graph shows what happened to the waste between 2001 and 2017.

Key

Question 15, shown as an image
Figure for question 15
(a)

Describe and explain one trend shown by the graph.

[2]
Reveal mark scheme Mark scheme for question 15(a)
(b)

State one disadvantage of recycling.

[1]
Reveal mark scheme Mark scheme for question 15(b)

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