Xylem and phloem

The arrows show direction of movement inside the vessels.

Give two reasons why Fig. 15.2 shows phloem vessels.

Compare the type of substances transported in xylem and phloem vessels.

Explain how the transport of substances through xylem changes on a warm day compared with a cold day.

Fig. 11.1 and Fig. 11.2 show two different transport vessels in plants.

Fig. 11.1
Fig. 11.2

Xylem vessels
Phloem vessels

The arrows show direction of movement inside the vessels.

Give two reasons why Fig. 11.2 shows phloem vessels.

Compare the type of substances transported in xylem and phloem vessels.

Explain how the transport of substances through xylem changes on a warm day compared with a cold day.

Which sentence describes one correct adaptation of phloem?

A They are made of dead cells.

B They contain large amounts of cytoplasm.

C They have a thick cell wall.

D They have sieve plates with holes in.

Plants and animals both have transport systems.

Fig. 15.1 shows cells found in the transport system of animals.

Fig. 15.1

Identify the type of cell shown in Fig. 15.1.

The transport system in animals is the circulatory system.

Describe the relationship between the circulatory system and the gas exchange system in the human body.

Phloem is part of the transport system in plants. Fig. 15.2 is a diagram of phloem sieve tubes.

Fig. 15.2

Explain how phloem sieve tubes are adapted to their function. Use Fig. 15.2.

Fig. 15.3 shows apparatus used to investigate the rate of water uptake in plants.

Fig. 15.3

Name the apparatus shown in Fig. 15.3.

The air-tight seal stops air getting into the water-filled tube.

Suggest why it is important to stop air getting into the tube.

The apparatus is set up and left for 10 minutes. The water level moved 8 mm.

Calculate the rate of water uptake in mm per second.

Give your answer to 2 significant figures.

Rate of water uptake =........ mm per second [3]

The investigation is repeated with an electric fan switched on next to the apparatus.

The rate of water uptake would increase / decrease / stay the same.

A student investigates the environmental factors that affect water uptake by plants.

The diagram shows the apparatus they use.

What is the name of the apparatus shown in the diagram?

gas syringe funnel potometer water bath

Describe how the student would use the air bubble to measure water uptake.

Write down two environmental factors that increase the rate of water uptake by plants.

When they set up the apparatus, the student cut the shoot under water.

Suggest why.

Most of the water taken in by the plant is lost in transpiration.

Complete the table to compare the processes of transpiration and translocation.

Water is transported in xylem vessels.

Write down one way xylem vessels are adapted to this function.

The photograph shows the structure of specialised plant tissue.

Which statement best describes the plant tissue in the photograph?

A Phloem used to transport mineral ions

B Phloem used to transport sugars

C Xylem used to transport mineral ions

D Xylem used to transport sugars

The picture shows cells from the centre of a root, seen using a light microscope.

Which type of transport cell is labelled X ?

A Phloem

B Root hair

C Stomata

D Xylem