OCR GCSE Combined Science A (Gateway) Biology Paper 1 Foundation June 2023 question paper J250/01

Which of these substances is transported out of the human body as waste?

A Blood

B Food molecules

C Oxygen

D Urea

The graph shows the effect of pH on enzyme activity.

What is the pH when enzyme activity is highest ?

Which term describes cells that have the ability to differentiate into all types of body cells?

A Adult stem cells

B Bone marrow stem cells

C Embryonic stem cells

D Skin stem cells

Which cell size in the table is the mode ?

Which sentence describes one correct adaptation of phloem?

A They are made of dead cells.

B They contain large amounts of cytoplasm.

C They have a thick cell wall.

D They have sieve plates with holes in.

The diagram shows the volume of gas collected during an enzyme reaction in an upside down measuring cylinder.

Bottom of

What is the volume of collected gas in the measuring cylinder?

6 cm³ A

8 cm³ B

12 cm³ C

14 cm³ D

What is the function of FSH in the female body?

A It causes the eggs to mature.

B It inhibits the release of progesterone.

C It maintains the uterus lining.

D It prevents pregnancy.

Which stage of the cell cycle is represented by the diagram?

A Differentiation of cell

B DNA replication

C Growth of cell

D Movement of chromosomes

Which method of contraception is the most effective?

The photograph shows a cross section of a root seen under a light microscope.

Transport cell

Complete each sentence about root hair cells. Use words from the list.

active transport glucose
mineral ions

osmosis
surface area
volume

Root hair cells take in water and........ from the soil.

Water is taken in by the process of........

For more efficient uptake, the root hair cell has a large........

Water moves from the root hair cells into the transport cells of the roots.

Describe how water travels to the leaves of the plant from the roots.

A student investigates the effect of air movement on the rate of water uptake using a plant cutting.

The diagram shows the apparatus they use.

Electric fan

This is the method they follow:

• Measure the level of water in the calibrated pipette.

• Switch on the fan and record the level of water again after 25 minutes.

• Repeat investigation with the fan switched off.

The table shows their results.

Describe the effect of air movement on water uptake.

Calculate the rate of water uptake when the fan is switched off.

Give your answer to 1 significant figure.

Rate of water uptake =........ cm³ / min

Suggest one way the student could now investigate the effect of light intensity on water uptake.

A student draws and labels a diagram of a reflex arc.

The diagram shows their labelled drawing.

What mistake has the student made in their drawing?

Tick (✓) one box.

The spinal cord coordinates nervous responses.

Which other part of the central nervous system coordinates responses?

The body is also controlled by the endocrine system.

Complete the table to show two differences between the nervous system and the endocrine

Oestrogen and testosterone are both hormones.

Write down one role of oestrogen and one role of testosterone in the body.

A person with type 1 diabetes tests their blood sugar level before they eat any food.

The diagram shows their results. The units for blood sugar level are mmol / l.

The person then compares their results with the information in this table.

Explain why the person will need to take insulin.

Fig. 13.1 shows the apparatus used to prove that carbon dioxide is needed for photosynthesis. Fig. 13.1

Describe how this apparatus and iodine solution are used to prove that carbon dioxide is needed for photosynthesis.

What is the expected result for this experiment?

Result for Plant A........

Result for Plant B........

What is the dependent variable for this investigation?

Oxygen is one product of photosynthesis. The other product of photosynthesis is a monomer.

This monomer is then used to make a polymer. The polymer is then used as an energy store by the plant.

Name the monomer and polymer.

Fig. 14.1 is a diagram of a healthy heart. Fig. 14.2 shows a heart with a defect.

Fig. 14.1
Fig. 14.2

* Describe the heart defect shown in Fig. 14.2. Explain how this defect would affect oxygen transportation around the body.

Include the names of the chambers affected by the defect.

The photograph shows part of an artery seen using a light microscope.

The actual thickness of the wall at X–Y is 2 mm.

Calculate the magnification of the image.

Magnification = ×........

The diagram shows a prokaryotic cell.

Which structure labelled in the diagram would not be found in a eukaryotic plant cell?

Tick (✓) one box.

Prokaryotic cells are much smaller than most eukaryotic plant cells.

Explain why an electron microscope is used to view smaller prokaryotic cells instead of a light microscope.

Some prokaryotic cells contain chlorophyll in their cytoplasm.

Where is chlorophyll found inside eukaryotic plant cells?

A scientist investigates the effect of temperature on anaerobic respiration in yeast.

The diagram shows the apparatus they use.

This is the method they follow:

• Collect the gas produced by the yeast for five minutes.

• Increase the temperature of the water bath.

• Repeat the investigation with fresh sugar solution.

• Do each temperature three times.

Suggest why the scientist used fresh sugar solution each time.

Identify one variable the scientist should keep constant throughout the experiment.

Tick (✓) one box.

Which gas is collected by the scientist in the gas syringe?

When calculating the mean for 55 °C, they did not include Trial 1.

Give the reason why.

Plot the mean values from the table on the graph.

Draw a curve of best fit.

Anaerobic respiration is an enzyme-controlled reaction.

Explain the results between 15 °C and 35 °C. Include ideas about enzyme particles.

The scientist concludes that the best temperature for anaerobic respiration is approximately 40 °C.

How could they alter their investigation to identify a more accurate temperature?