Reducing the development gap

Study Figure 5, a 1:50 000 Ordnance Survey map of an area of Southampton, a city in the UK.

Using Figure 5, give the direction from the Southampton Science Park in grid square 4018 to the university in grid square 4215.

Shade one circle only.

A North East

B North West

C South East

D South West

Using Figure 5, complete the table to give two pieces of map evidence showing why the site in grid square 4018 is a good location for the science park.

An example has been completed for you.

Study Figure 6, information about the Southampton Science Park.

Study Figure 7, a map showing birth rates in Europe (excluding Russia) in 2019.

Complete Figure 7 using the following data.

Outline one disadvantage of using birth rates as a measure of development.

Which measure of development combines income, life expectancy and education levels?

Shade one circle only.

A Gross National Income (GNI) per head

B Human Development Index (HDI)

C Infant mortality rate (IMR)

D People per doctor

Outline one physical cause of uneven development.

Study Figure 8, a table showing the debt of selected countries in 2019.

Calculate the interquartile range for the data in Figure 8.

Study Figure 9, information from a report on debt.

Suggest how debt relief can help reduce the development gap.

Use Figure 9 and your own understanding.

Suggest how economic development can bring improvements to quality of life but at a cost to the environment.

Use a case study of a LIC/NEE in your answer.

Name of LIC/NEE

Study Figure 1 in the resources booklet, ‘Tourism and development’.

In 2018, which world region had the largest number of international tourist arrivals?

Complete the graph below using the following data.

Complete the following table by calculating the total spending ($) for an average cruise ship visit.

Average spend per cruise ship visit ($)

To what extent can tourism create opportunities for economic development?

Study Figure 2 in the resources booklet, ‘A new cruise ship terminal and port for the Cayman Islands’.

Complete the pie chart below using the following data.

Source of cruise arrivals in the Caribbean

Suggest one reason why so many visitors to the Cayman Islands come from the USA.

‘The cruise industry is an example of a global industry.’

Do you agree? Yes
No

Tick (✓) the box to show your choice.

Outline one reason for your choice.

Explain how physical and cultural factors are important in attracting visitors to the Cayman Islands.

Explain why the proposed development in the Cayman Islands is called a ‘multi-use development’.

Suggest why the development of tourism is an example of an economic versus environmental issue.

Study Figure 3 in the resources booklet, ‘Different views about the proposed cruise ship and port facility in Grand Cayman’.

Do you think that the cruise ship terminal and port facility development proposed by the Cayman Island government in 2019 should go ahead?

Yes No

Tick (✓) the box to show your choice.

Use evidence from the resources booklet and your own understanding to explain your answer.

Study Figure 6, a diagram showing countries and their share of world trade.

Source: howmuch.net

Using Figure 6, what is Mexico’s share of world trade?

Using Figure 6, what is the difference between China and the USA’s share of world trade?

Outline the limitations of economic measures of development.

Explain how physical and economic factors have caused uneven development.

Study Figure 7a, a graph of tourist arrivals to South Africa 2012–2023 (projected) and Figure 7b, some opinions about tourism in South Africa.

South Africa is a NEE country.

Describe the trend shown in Figure 7a.

Using Figure 7b, state one benefit of tourism to South Africa’s economy.

Tourism is an effective way of reducing the development gap.

Do you agree?

Use Figure 7a and Figure 7b and an example you have studied to explain your answer.

Study Figure 8, showing life expectancy at selected places along the East Coast main railway.

Calculate the median life expectancy shown in Figure 8.

How might the data in Figure 8 suggest a north-south divide in the UK?

Evaluate the success or likely success of one or more strategies to resolve regional differences in the UK.

Study Figure 5, a scattergraph showing Gross National Income (GNI) and birth rate for selected countries in 2016.

Plot the following data on to Figure 5.

Draw a best fit line on Figure 5.

‘Japan is in stage 5 of the Demographic Transition Model (DTM) and is a highly developed country.’

Explain this statement.

Use Figure 5 and your own understanding.

Outline how one historical factor can lead to uneven development.

Study Figure 6, a 1:50 000 Ordnance Survey map of an area to the east of Sheffield, a city in the UK.

Using Figure 6, give the six-figure grid reference for the centre of the motorway junction.

Shade one circle only.

A 403870 B 423884 C 430891 D 433892

Using Figure 6, what is the straight line distance from the building labelled X to the railway station to the west?

Shade one circle only.

A 200 m B 1 km C 2 km D 4 km

Study Figure 7, a photograph of part of the area shown in Figure 6.

Using Figure 6 and Figure 7, in which direction was the photographer facing when the photograph was taken?

Shade one circle only.

A North west B North east C South west D South east

Figure 7 shows the location of Sheffield University’s Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre.

Use Figure 7 to describe one characteristic of the Centre’s location.

Study Figure 8, some information about Sheffield University’s Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre.

Suggest how the UK is moving towards a post-industrial economy.

Use Figure 8 and your own understanding.

Using a case study of a LIC/NEE, evaluate the effects of economic development on the population’s quality of life.

Study Figure 5, a table showing the Gross National Income (GNI) data for selected countries in 2016.

Calculate the median value for the GNI data in Figure 5.

Suggest one reason why the GNI per person varies between the countries shown in Figure 5.

Give one disadvantage of using an economic measure of development such as GNI.

Study Figure 6, a diagram to explain the impact of tourism on a country.

Using Figure 6 and your own understanding, suggest how the growth of tourism in a LIC or NEE might help to reduce the development gap.

Study Figure 7 which describes the effects of an intermediate technology project in an area of Malawi, a country in Africa.

Figure 7

Bicycle Ambulances

There are two small Health Centres in the area serving 45 000 people. 1 in 6 women die in childbirth.

People have to travel vast distances to be seen by a nurse or doctor. Travel to the clinics is usually by ox and cart but this is an expensive and slow mode of transport.

A project was started to build bicycle ambulances and to provide training to the people in the area so more patients can make their way to a health centre. It is hoped that these bicycle ambulances will help save many lives.

State two challenges faced by the people living in the area described in Figure 7.

State one characteristic of intermediate technology.

Outline one way in which international aid has had an impact on a named LIC or NEE country.

Using a case study of a LIC or NEE country, explain the link between Transnational Corporations (TNCs) and industrial development in the country.

Study Figure 8, information about the planned spending on transport infrastructure in England’s regions 2016–2021.

Using Figure 8, calculate the mean planned spending per person per year 2016–2021 in the nine English regions.

Assess the importance of transport improvements to the UK economy.