OCR GCSE Geography B (Geography for Enquiring Minds) Geographical Exploration June 2018 question paper J384/03

Study Fig. 1 in the separate Resource Booklet, a GIS map of Rio de Janeiro.

Identify one human feature of Rio de Janeiro shown on Fig. 1.

Identify one physical feature of Rio de Janeiro shown on Fig. 1.

The city boundaries of Rio de Janeiro in 1900 and 2015 are outlined on Fig. 1.

Estimate the area of Rio de Janeiro in in km². 1900

Using Fig. 1, describe the location of Copacabana Beach.

Study Fig. 2 in the separate Resource Booklet, photographs and reviews of three coastal areas in Rio de Janeiro.

State two human uses of Rio de Janeiro’s coastal areas seen in Fig. 2.

Study Fig. 3 in the separate Resource Booklet, beach management strategies used in Brazil.

450 metres of Copacabana Beach, in Rio de Janeiro, needs coastal management to avoid widespread coastal erosion.

Calculate the cost of rock armour for Copacabana Beach.

Using your own understanding, suggest whether beach nourishment or rock armour would be most appropriate for coastlines with high levels of erosion by hydraulic action.

* Study Figs 3 and 4 in the separate Resource Booklet, beach management strategies used in Brazil and a sketch showing impacts of beach nourishment (beach replenishment) at Copacabana Beach.

Using Figs 1, 2, 3 and 4 and your own understanding, explain how challenges in the city of Rio de Janeiro affect the coastal landscape.

The graph and table below show the population of Rio de Janeiro.

Complete the line graph for 2010 and 2015 using the table of data provided.

Predict the population of Rio de Janeiro in 2040, based on the current growth rate.

Rio de Janeiro can be considered a world city.

Explain the characteristics of a world city.

Study Fig. 5 in the separate Resource Booklet, statistics for Rio de Janeiro and Brazil.

Using Fig. 5 and your own understanding, explain why Rio de Janeiro has experienced rapid urban growth.

Study Fig. 6 in the separate Resource Booklet, a map of Botafogo, a suburb of Rio de Janeiro, and Fig. 7, photographs taken in the Santa Marta squatter settlement (favela).

Use Fig. 6 to calculate the distance in km from (A) Santa Marta to (B) Botafogo beach.

Santa Marta is one of the squatter settlements found in Rio de Janeiro. Using Figs 6 and 7, briefly explain one challenge people living in Santa Marta may face.

Using Figs 2, 6 and 7 in the separate Resource Booklet, and your own understanding, assess the contemporary challenges created by the inequality within Botafogo.

Rio de Janeiro is facing many challenges, both physical and human, and, as outlined in the article above, the city now has a very limited budget.

Using the information in the separate Resource Booklet and your own understanding:

1. Examine whether you think that Rio de Janeiro should prioritise coastal management improving the squatter settlements (favelas) over the next 10 years?

2. Suggest how your decision could lead to long-term sustainability for the city.

Spelling, punctuation and grammar and the use of specialist terminology