OCR GCSE History A (Explaining the Modern World) British depth study with historic environment: The English Reformation c.1520-c.1550 + Castles: form and function c.1000-1750 June 2019 question paper J410/12

Explain why some people criticised the English church in the period c.1520 to 1534.

Study Sources A–C.

‘The Dissolution of the monasteries had an entirely negative impact.’ How far do Sources A–C convince you that this statement is correct? Use the sources and your knowledge to explain your

answer.

() Spelling, punctuation and grammar and the use of specialist terminology

Source A

We have taken this pilgrimage for the preservation of Christ’s church. The monasteries in the north have given great alms [charity] to poor men and served God admirably. Therefore, the Dissolution of the monasteries prevents the monks serving Almighty God.

From a speech in York by Robert Aske, one of the leaders of the Pilgrimage of Grace, in October 1536.

Source B

Further my good lord, the poor monks that have left their monasteries are not allowed to work in a local parish church without a document proving they have been a monk in a monastery, despite their abilities. These poor monks must go a hundred miles to seek this proof, and when they arrive the price of obtaining the proof is so great that they are not able to pay it and so they return home again with nothing.

An extract from a letter from Richard Ingworth, assistant of the Bishop of Dover, to Thomas Cromwell, in March 1539.

Source C

I observed John Walker of Griston stand up and call the local people to rise up with him. He urged them to attack the profiteers who have made so much money from the destruction of our monasteries. He named several local men who have loyally carried out the king’s wishes in dissolving monasteries. He named Sir Richard Southwell, accusing him of keeping much of the wealth he had taken. He also accused Sir Roger Townsend of profiting by evicting the friars of Walsingham and taking the house and lands for himself with no profit for the king and much hurt to the local people. He urged the crowd with violent words ‘let us kill these profiteers, even their children in the cradles, for it would be a good thing if there were many fewer of these thieving gentlemen in Norfolk.’

A government report of an uprising in Griston, Norfolk, in 1540. The report was used at the trial of John Walker.

Explain how the main functions of Kenilworth Castle changed in the period 1120 to 1399.

Study Sources D and E.

Which of these sources is more useful to a historian studying the history of Kenilworth Castle from

c.1500 to c.1700?

Source D

The castle of Kenilworth is very stately, being surrounded by water. Entry is through one very strong gate into an attractive courtyard where your forefathers used to joust. It leads to another fine and strong gatehouse into another courtyard. There you find the brew house, water mill, bakehouse and very handsome stables. There is also a house for the constable of the castle. The great hall is marvelously stately and the royal chamber is most fair. The park surrounding the castle is great indeed, and there are fine views of it from the hall. From a great bay window you can watch deer being taken and fish caught from the lake.

An extract from a survey of Kenilworth Castle in 1563. The survey was carried out for Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester, who was given the castle by Queen Elizabeth.

An engraving of Kenilworth Castle around 1700. It was produced for a book which was aimed at wealthy people who had an interest in touring the countryside.