Give one example of a religious belief held by Vikings.
[1]
Name one ruler of the Viking Rus in Novgorod or Kiev between 860 and 1050.
[1]
Name one change Harald Bluetooth made during his rule.
[1]
Write a clear and organised summary that analyses Viking settlement across the Atlantic (Iceland, Greenland, North America).
Support your summary with examples.
[9]
Why were Viking raids on Britain, Ireland and the Scottish Islands between 793 and 850 so successful?
Explain your answer.
[10]
4* ‘The Volga Vikings were more successful than the Vikings who settled in the British Isles and France.’
How far do you agree?
Give reasons for your answer.
[18]
5* ‘Cnut’s greatest achievement was the conquest of England.’
How far do you agree?
Give reasons for your answer.
[18]
What can Source A tell us about Nazi Germany between 1933 and 1936?
Use the source and your own knowledge to support your answer.
Source A
Extracts from the diary of Luise Solmitz, a teacher living in the German city of Hamburg. Luise Solmitz was married to Friedrich, a man who had been born into a Jewish family but chose to worship as a Christian. In 1935, Friedrich was categorised as Jewish and lost his citizenship rights under the Nuremberg Laws. Luise Solmitz was not from a Jewish family.
[7]
How useful are Sources B and C and Interpretation D for a historian studying the Nazi dictatorship in 1934?
In your answer, refer to the two sources and the interpretation as well as your own knowledge.
Source B
A poster made by John Heartfield in July 1934. The poster was published in Czechoslovakia. Heartfield had lived in Berlin until April 1933.
The poster depicts a member of the SA during the events known as the ‘Night of the Long Knives’.
The ‘Night of the Long Knives’ was when Hitler ordered the SS to either arrest or murder his political rivals and the leaders of the SA.
Source C
An extract from a law passed by the Nazi government on 3 July 1934. The word ‘measures’ is referring to the actions Hitler ordered on, and just after, the ‘Night of the Long Knives’.
LAW CONCERNING MEASURES FOR THE DEFENCE OF THE STATE
The measures taken on 30 June, 1 July and 2 July to strike down treasonous attacks are justifiable and legal acts of self-defence by the state.
Treason means betraying your country.
Interpretation D
An extract from a book by historian Richard Evans. The book was published in 2005. The extract is describing events after the ‘Night of the Long Knives’.
[15]
8* ‘The Nazis were successful in influencing and controlling the lives of young people in Germany.’
How far do you agree?
Give reasons for your answer.
[18]
9* ‘People living under Nazi occupation in eastern and western Europe resisted Nazi rule.’
How far do you agree?
Give reasons for your answer.
[18]
The paper as printed
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