Edexcel GCSE Physical Education Paper 1 November 2021 question paper

Which one of the following joint classifications has the greatest range of movement?

Which one of the following antagonistic pairs of muscles would cause plantar-flexion at the ankle?

Which one of the following is an example of a condyloid joint?

Which one of the following would result in a mechanical disadvantage when using a lever system to move a load?

Danny is 20 years old.

Which one of the following is Danny’s Maximum Heart Rate (MaxHR)?

Danny takes part in a 30 m sprint test. He takes 4.1 seconds to complete the test.

Table 1 shows ratings for the 30 m sprint test.

(Adapted from Davis et al Sport PE, 2000)

Table 1

Which one of the following is the correct rating for Danny, who scored 4.1 seconds in the 30 m sprint test?

Which one of the following is a rule designed to reduce injury in sport?

Bones have different classifications and functions.

Complete Table 2 by:

Stating the classification of each bone.

Stating a different function for each classification of bone.

Figure 2 shows Georgia taking part in the Harvard Step Test. Her left elbow and right hip are shaded.

Figure 2

Analyse the action of the antagonistic muscle pairs at the shaded joints of the elbow and hip that cause the movement from Position A to Position B in Figure 2.

Elbow

Hip

Carbon dioxide is produced during aerobic exercise.

Explain the importance of breathing out an increased amount of carbon dioxide during a long-distance race.

State the name of the structure in the lungs where gas exchange takes place.

During a 100 m race an elite sprinter may only breathe twice.

Explain why an elite 100 m sprinter may only breathe twice during a race.

State what happens to the 100 m sprinter’s breathing rate once they finish their race.

Table 3 shows three different sporting techniques.

Complete Table 3 by:

Stating the lever system in use in each technique.

State the class of lever where the load is in the middle of the lever system.

State the term being described:

The ability to lift a heavy load with relatively small muscular effort.

There are three types of health.

State the type of health missing from this definition.

Health is a state of complete emotional and physical well-being, and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity.

Figure 3 shows a high jumper.

(Source: © Soonthorn Wongsaita/Shutterstock)

Figure 3

To be fit for their event, high jumpers need high levels of some of the components of fitness.

Complete Table 4 by:

Stating the component of fitness used in each phase of the high jump.

Stating the importance of each component of fitness during the stated phase of the high jump.

Figure 4 and Figure 5 show a golfer and some hockey players participating in their sport.

Justify why having a good reaction time is more important to a hockey player than to a golfer.

Remi is a long-distance runner. He takes part in the 10,000 m race which is 25 laps of the track.

Justify why it is an advantage if Remi has a high percentage of type IIa muscle fibres in his legs.

Table 5 shows three different training methods.

Complete Table 5 by:

Stating a component of fitness improved by each training method.

Explain which one of the training methods in Table 5 Remi should use the most to improve his performance in the 10,000 m.

Explain which one of the training methods in Table 5 is least relevant to Remi’s 10,000 m performance.

Remi also includes a Fartlek training session every week.

Describe Fartlek training.

Explain why lactate may accumulate in Remi’s muscles during a Fartlek training session.

Figure 6 shows a runner’s heart rate trace during an interval training session.

Explain one reason why the heart rate trace in Figure 6 is from an interval training session.

Predict, using Figure 7, the most likely trend in the number of sports injuries for the year 2020.

Identify, using the data in Figure 7, the year with the greatest number of sports injuries.

The enforcement of safety rules in sports and the correct application of the principles of training are methods to help reduce injury.

Explain, using an example, one other method to reduce sports injuries.

Describe how one of the principles of training can reduce the risk of injury.

Basketball and cycling have the highest injury rates for the sports shown in Figure 7.

Complete Table 6 by:

Stating one different type of sports injury that could occur in each sport.

Stating how the type of sports injury might occur.

Explain one reason why an elite athlete may be tempted to take narcotic analgesics if they become injured.

An elite gymnast will spend a long time stretching as part of their warm-up, to help reduce the risk of injury.

Explain one other reason why an elite gymnast will spend a long time stretching during their warm-up.

The functions of the skeleton make it possible to play sports such as rugby.

Figure 8 shows Pete playing rugby.

The functions of the skeleton include red and white blood cell production and providing joints for movement.

Evaluate the importance of three other functions of the skeleton in allowing Pete to participate in rugby.

Lola is a triathlete. To complete a triathlon Lola needs to swim 1.5 km, cycle 40 km and run 10 km.

Lola completes the fitness tests shown in Table 7.

Evaluate the suitability of the fitness tests in Table 7 to assess Lola’s fitness for the triathlon.