Edexcel GCSE Physical Education Paper 1 June 2023 question paper

Which one of the following is an example of a pivot joint?

Which one of the following is the role of a ligament?

Which one of the following is an example of an involuntary muscle?

Figure 1 shows a gymnast performing a tucked somersault.

(Source: TYEWI118807 Image © Peter Muller/Getty Images)

Figure 1

Which one of the following is the correct plane and axis for the movement in Figure 1 ?

Figure 2 shows the bones of the knee and hand.

Complete Table 1 by:

Identifying the bones labelled A and B in Figure 2.

Stating a different function of each bone type.

Complete the following statements about the classification of bones.

The ribs are examples of_........ bones. The ribs

provide protection for the_........ . For example, in

boxing they will protect the boxer if_........

The bones of the vertebra are called_........ bones.

One function of this type of bone is_........

Figure 3 shows a gymnast.

Analyse the action of the antagonistic muscle pairs at the elbow and ankle that result in the gymnast achieving the shape in Figure 3.

Elbow

Ankle

Muscles fibre types have different characteristics. Each fibre type is suited to the requirements of different sporting activities.

Complete Table 2 by:

Identifying each muscle fibre type from its characteristic or example of its use.

Stating a relevant characteristic of the fibre type in Row A.

Amari takes part in long-distance events.

Explain the importance of white blood cells and blood plasma when training for a long-distance event.

White blood cells

Blood plasma

Figure 4 is an incomplete diagram of a lever system.

Identify the lever system shown in Figure 4.

Identify the two missing parts of the lever system, labelled X and Y, in Figure 4.

Explain why the lever system in Figure 4 gives a mechanical advantage to a performer.

Give one example of the use of the type of lever system shown in Figure 4 in sport or physical activity.

Figure 5 shows two football players completing different skills during a game.

Complete the following statements about the lever systems.

The lever system operating at the footballer’s elbow as the player throws the

ball on to the pitch is an example of a_........ class lever system.

The lever system operating at the footballer’s knee as the player kicks the ball

at the goal is an example of a_........ class lever system.

Identify the load in the lever system in Figure 5 during the throw-in.

Figure 6 shows the heart rate of a runner during a training session.

Which one of the following training methods is the runner most likely to be using in the training session?

Which one of the following training methods can be used to increase strength and muscular endurance?

Which one of the following is a long-term training effect on the respiratory system?

Which one of the following principles of training can result from poor planning?

Carron is training to take part in a long-distance cycle race.

Table 3 shows data collected during one of Carron’s training sessions.

Justify, using the data in Table 3, why part 2 of the training session was the most demanding for Carron.

Carron’s training causes adaptations to her muscular-skeletal system.

State one long-term training effect on Carron’s muscular system.

State one long-term training effect on Carron’s skeletal system.

Carron needs high levels of muscular endurance to complete her long-distance cycle race. She carries out the one-minute sit-up test to measure her muscular endurance.

Explain whether the one-minute sit-up test is an appropriate fitness test to measure Carron’s muscular endurance.

Mark wants to increase his fitness.

Explain one reason why Mark should measure his fitness before designing a personal exercise programme (PEP).

Mark uses the grip dynamometer test to measure his strength.

Describe how to complete the grip dynamometer test.

Table 4 shows ratings for the grip dynamometer test.

(Source https://www.brianmac.co.uk/grip.htm)

State Mark’s rating if he scores 48 on the grip dynamometer test.

Mark carries out some more fitness tests.

Complete Table 5 by:

Stating the component of fitness Mark is testing.

Explain why the fitness class body pump would be a good choice to increase Mark’s strength.

Mark joins a circuit training class to increase his fitness.

Figure 7 shows the circuit.

(Source: Image ID’s Shutterstock: Sit-ups: 1662971440; Skipping: 1827211172; Press-ups: 1825050095; Body weight squats: 1818633245 Shuttle runs: 1816498478; Elbow plank: 1821029399; Stopwatch:117591715)

Figure 7

State, using an example, how Mark could apply progressive overload to the sit-up station.

State, using an example, how Mark could apply specificity to the circuit if his aim is to increase strength.

Jacob strains a muscle during a cross-country run. His teacher suggests Jacob treats the injury using RICE.

State the meaning of the first-aid term RICE.

Give one example of an activity that Jacob could complete as part of his warm-up to reduce the risk of a muscle strain.

Some elite athletes take performance-enhancing drugs (PEDs) so they can continue to train and perform when injured.

Explain one type of performance-enhancing drug (PED) an injured sports performer may take before competition to allow them to perform.

State the type of performance-enhancing drug (PED) that masks the presence of other drugs.

Tom’s football team is playing in the regional finals in three weeks. It is important that the team continues to play and train but remains injury free.

Evaluate three different ways, apart from warming up, the team can reduce the risk of injury so the team can play in the final.