Edexcel GCSE Physics Paper 1 Foundation June 2023 question paper 1PH0/1F

This question is about waves in the electromagnetic (e-m) spectrum.

Figure 1 shows some types of radiation that form part of the e-m spectrum and some uses of e-m radiation.

Draw one straight line from each type of e-m radiation to its use.

One line has been drawn for you.

Which of these waves has the highest frequency?

X-rays are also part of the e-m spectrum.

Figure 2 shows an airport security scanner using X-rays to scan passengers’ bags.

Explain why X-rays are used to scan passengers’ bags.

Explain why passengers are not scanned with X-rays.

Figure 3 shows a ray of light striking a mirror.

The angle of incidence is 30˚ and the ray of light is reflected.

The angle of reflection is the angle between

Figure 4 shows two lenses, P and Q, arranged to form a simple telescope.

State one use for a telescope.

Which of these describes the lenses?

The focal length of lens Q is 0.14 m.

Calculate the power of the lens.

Use the equation

power of lens =_........ dioptre

A student is in a laboratory that has windows.

The student is given a converging lens, and a sheet of paper.

Describe how the student can produce an image of the window frame on the sheet of paper.

The graph in Figure 5 shows how the velocity of a car changes with time.

The car starts from rest and travels along a level, straight road for 50 s.

Which part of the graph shows when the car has constant velocity?

Which part of the graph shows when the car has the greatest acceleration?

Calculate the acceleration of the car in the first 10 s shown on the graph.

Use the equation

acceleration =_........ m / s

Calculate the distance the car travels in part QR shown on the velocity / time graph in Figure 5.

A different car has a mass of 1200 kg.

Calculate the force needed to give this car an acceleration of 2.4 m / s².

Use the equation

F = m × a

An atom has a central nucleus containing neutrons and protons.

Electrons orbit the nucleus.

Which row of the table gives the relative mass and charge of a proton?

An atom has a radius of 1.0 × 10^–10m.

A nucleus has a radius of 1.0 × 10^–15m.

Calculate the ratio of the radius of the atom to the radius of the nucleus.

Explain why an atom has no charge overall.

State the number of protons in one atom of carbon-14.

State the number of neutrons in one atom of carbon-14.

Figure 6 shows a graph for the decay of the radioactive isotope carbon-14.

Use the graph to estimate the half-life of carbon-14.

Figure 7 shows a wave on the surface of water.

Which of the arrowed lines shows the amplitude of the wave?

Explain why the wave shown in Figure 7 is a transverse wave.

Figure 8 shows a ripple tank.

A screen is placed below the ripple tank.

The wave pattern produced by the ripples can be seen on the screen.

A student has a stop clock and a ruler.

Describe how the student could measure the frequency of the ripples.

Describe how the student could measure the wavelength of the ripples.

In a swimming pool, a wave is produced with a wavelength of 4.0 m and a velocity of 0.8 m / s.

Calculate the frequency of the wave.

State the unit of frequency.

Use the equation

v = f × λ

frequency of wave_........ unit_........

Figure 9 shows a metal cube filled with hot water.

Four sides of the cube have different surfaces, as shown in Figure 9.

The four surfaces are at the same temperature.

The thermal energy radiated by each side of the box is measured using a thermal energy detector connected to a millivoltmeter.

The detector is moved to get a reading of the thermal energy emitted from each side of the box.

Figure 10 shows the table of results.

Suggest a possible millivoltmeter reading for the shiny black surface.

State what must be kept the same to take the measurement for each surface.

Suggest why the cube is placed on a block of wood.

A hot surface emits radiation of different wavelengths.

The graph in Figure 11 shows how the intensity of the radiation emitted changes with the wavelength.

Describe how intensity changes with wavelength in Figure 11.

This question is about radioactivity and its uses.

Which of these radiations does not have a charge?

Which of these radiations is used in smoke detectors?

The diagram in Figure 13 shows a radioactive source used to check the thickness of paper.

Name the type of radiation used to check the thickness of the paper.

Give the name of one device which could detect this type of radiation.

When the paper is the correct thickness, the count rate is 4000 counts per minute.

The count rate increases when the paper gets thinner.

Give one reason for this increase.

The rollers need to be adjusted if the count rate increases by 5%.

Calculate the maximum count rate that would be allowed before the rollers need to be adjusted.

maximum count rate =_........ counts per minute

*(d) Radioactivity from radioactive sources can be used in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.

Describe one way radioactivity can be used in the diagnosis of cancer and one way radioactivity can be used in the treatment of cancer.

Which of these is a scalar quantity?

A student has some cupcake cases.

One cupcake case is shown in Figure 14.

The student drops a stack of cupcake cases with the base facing downwards, as shown in Figure 15.

(Source: © Elena Schweitzer/Shutterstock)

Figure 15

The speed of the falling stack of cupcake cases depends on the number of cupcake cases in the stack.

The student also has a stop clock and a metre rule.

Describe an investigation to show how the speed of the falling stack of cupcake cases depends on the number of cupcake cases in the stack.

A stack of cupcake cases has a mass of 0.005 kg.

Calculate the weight, in newtons, of the stack of cupcake cases.

Gravitational field strength = 10 N / kg

Use the equation

W = mg

Figure 16 shows a cupcake case that is falling at a constant velocity.

Draw an arrow on Figure 16 to show the force due to air resistance on the cupcake case.

State the value of the acceleration of the cupcake case when it is falling at a constant velocity

A car travels along a straight road.

The car accelerates at 3 m / s² for a time of 7 s.

Calculate the change in velocity of the car.

Use the equation

change in velocity = acceleration × time taken

Figure 17 shows a football kicked against a wall.

The football has a mass of 0.42 kg.

The football gains 11 J of gravitational potential energy as it moves from the ground to the wall.

Calculate the height at which the ball hits the wall.

Gravitational field strength = 10 N / kg

Use the equation

∆ GPE = m × g × ∆ h

Calculate the kinetic energy of the football when it is moving at a velocity of 12 m / s.

Use the equation

Describe the energy transfers that happen when the ball hits the wall.

*(b) In the UK, electricity is generated using non‑renewable and renewable energy resources.

The graph in Figure 18 shows how the amount of electricity generated by these resources changed from 2012 to 2020.

30

25

20

time in years from 2012 to 2020

Figure 18

Explain how and why the amount of electricity generated by renewable and non-renewable energy resources has changed from 2012 to 2020.

Your answer should include

• the trends shown in Figure 18

• the change in the amount of electricity generated by at least one renewable resource

• the change in the amount of electricity generated by at least one non‑renewable resource.

Figure 19 shows two objects, E and D.

E emits a sound.

D detects the sound.

E is moving in the direction shown by the arrow, but D is not moving.

E emits a sound of wavelength 1.86 m.

D measures the wavelength of this sound as 1.98 m.

Calculate the difference between the wavelength that E emits and the wavelength that D detects.

The velocity of sound is 330 m / s.

Calculate the velocity of E.

Use the equation

The wavelength of light emitted from distant galaxies is different when the light is detected on Earth.

Explain how this difference in wavelength shows that the Universe is expanding.

CMB radiation provides evidence that the Universe had a definite beginning.

Use the table in Figure 20 to give a typical value for the wavelength of CMB radiation.

During the evolution of a star, the nebula collapses and becomes a main sequence star.

State what causes the nebula to collapse.

Explain why the nebula stops collapsing as it becomes a main sequence star.