Edexcel GCSE Physics Paper 2 Higher June 2024 question paper 1PH0/2H

This question is about static electricity and electric fields.

Figure 1 shows three charged objects, X, Y and Z.

Y has a positive charge and is held stationary.

The charge on Y causes X and Z to move in the directions of the arrows.

Which row of the table is correct for the charges on X and Z?

Give the meaning of the term electric field.

Figure 2 shows the electric field around a point charge.

State how Figure 2 gives evidence that the point charge is positive.

In Figure 2, x is the distance from the point charge.

State how Figure 2 gives evidence that the electric field strength decreases as x increases.

Figure 3 shows a graph of electric field strength against distance x.

The equation relating electric field strength to distance, x, is

A is a constant.

Using data from the graph in Figure 3, calculate the value of A when x = 3 cm.

Figure 4 is a circuit diagram.

The current at P is

Some students investigate resistors in parallel.

The students set up a circuit containing four identical resistors.

The circuit used is shown in Figure 5.

Figure 5

The students measure the current from the power supply and the voltage (p.d.) across the resistors.

On Figure 5, draw a voltmeter connected to measure the voltage (p.d.) across the resistors.

T he students remove one resistor and measure the current and voltage again with only 3 resistors in the circuit.

T hey repeat the measurements of current and voltage with only 2 resistors in the circuit and then with only 1 resistor in the circuit.

Figure 6 is a table of their results.

Using data from the table in Figure 6, predict the current from the power supply when there are 4 resistors in the circuit.

current =_........

Using data from the table in Figure 6, calculate the resistance of only 1 resistor.

resistance =_........

Using data from the table in Figure 6, explain what happens to the total resistance of the circuit as the number of resistors in parallel decreases.

A coil of copper wire has a mass of 14.1 g.

Calculate the volume of the copper wire.

Use the equation

volume =_........

Figure 7 gives information about the density of aluminium.

Explain the difference between the density of solid aluminium and the density of liquid aluminium in terms of the arrangement of particles.

A student boils some water.

Calculate the amount of thermal energy needed to change 60.0 g of water to steam at its boiling point.

The specific latent heat of vaporisation of water, L, is 2.26 × 10⁶ J/kg.

Use the equation

amount of thermal energy =_........

Some students measure the volume of a lump of modelling clay using a measuring jug, as shown in Figure 8.

Using Figure 8, estimate the volume of the modelling clay in cm³.

You may assume that 1 litre = 1000 cm³.

volume =_........

Figure 9 shows an object at the bottom of a beaker of water.

Which diagram shows the direction of the force exerted by the water on the object at point X?

Figure 10 shows an ice skater standing on one skate.

Calculate the force the skate exerts on the ice

pressure of skate on ice = 4.8 10 Pa⁷

area of blade in contact with ice = 1.2 10⁵ m²

Use the equation

force = pressure area

Give your answer to 2 significant figures.

force =_........

Figure 11 shows how atmospheric pressure changes with height above sea level.

Using the graph, describe how atmospheric pressure changes with height above sea level.

The top of Mount Everest is 8850 m above sea level. Using the graph, estimate the atmospheric pressure at the top of Mount Everest.

pressure =_........

On a different day, the pressure at sea level is 104 kPa and the pressure at a height of 2500 m is 74 kPa.

Calculate the percentage change in pressure from sea level to the height of 2500 m.

percentage change =_........

Figure 12 is a model representing molecules of the Earth’s atmosphere.

Use Figure 12 to explain how the density of the air varies with height above sea level.

Figure 13 represents the Earth.

Figure 13 shows two magnetic compass needles placed near to the Earth’s surface, at points Q and T.

Each magnetic compass needle can rotate about its central dot.

A compass needle is placed at point P and another at point R, near to the Earth’s surface.

On Figure 13, draw an arrow at point P and an arrow at point R to show the direction of the compass needle at each point.

Explain why the arrows point in the directions you have drawn in part (i).

You may draw on Figure 13 to help your answer.

Figure 14 shows a wire placed between the poles of a U-shaped magnet.

The wire is connected to a resistor and a battery.

The wire carries a current in the direction shown.

The wire is perpendicular to the magnetic field of the magnet.

Draw an arrow on Figure 14 to show the direction of the force, F, acting on the wire.

Label this arrow ‘F’.

State one practical way of reversing the direction of force F.

In Figure 14

• current in the wire = 3.2 A

• length of wire in the magnetic field = 0.042 m

• magnitude of the force on the wire = 0.078 N

Calculate the magnitude of the magnetic flux density between the two poles of the magnet.

magnetic flux density =_........

Which of these is a unit for the moment of a force?

Figure 15 shows a claw hammer about to remove a nail from a piece of wood.

State the principle of moments.

Calculate the force F₂ shown in Figure 15.

Use the following data

• F₁ = 11.4 N

• d₁ = 24.5 cm

• d₂ = 3.7 cm

Figure 16 shows a system of gears used in a clock.

Gear wheel P rotates clockwise at a rate of 1.0 revolution per minute.

Calculate the rotation rate of gear wheel Q in revolutions per hour.

rotation rate of Q =_........ revolutions per hour

Describe how a gear wheel could be added to the system to give a clockwise rotation with double the rotation rate of gear wheel Q.

Your answer should refer to

• the position of the gear wheel

• the number of teeth in the gear wheel.

Figure 17 shows an athlete training with a push sled.

The athlete pushes the sled with a force of 645 N.

Calculate the distance the sled moves when the force of 645 N does 7440 J of work on the sled.

Give your answer to an appropriate number of significant figures.

distance moved =_........

Figure 18 shows an electric motor lifting a set of masses.

Describe an experiment, using the apparatus in Figure 18, to determine the gravitational potential energy gained by the masses as they are lifted.

Your description should include any measuring devices to be used.

You may add to the diagram in Figure 18 if it helps your answer.

In one experiment, the change in gravitational potential energy of the masses was 5.8 J.

The total mass lifted was 320 g.

Calculate the vertical height the masses travelled through.

Use g = 10 N/kg.

height =_........

The efficiency of the motor was 59%.

State one reason why the motor was not 100% efficient.

A student investigates how current varies with potential difference across a filament lamp.

The student uses a power supply, a variable resistor, the filament lamp and two meters.

Part of the circuit diagram is shown in Figure 19.

Complete the circuit diagram needed for this investigation.

Figure 19

Another student repeats the investigation in part (a) using a data logger.

The data logger records observations using sensors instead of meters. The sensors are connected to a computer to collect and display the observations.

The data logger collects 555 pairs of data in 2 minutes.

The results are shown in Figure 20.

Suggest one advantage of using a data logger instead of meters in this investigation.

Describe how current varies with potential difference in the graph in Figure 20.

Use data from the graph in Figure 20 to show how the resistance changes with potential difference for the filament lamp.

Which of these equations is correct?

The unit of work is the joule.

Starting with the meaning of work, we may obtain an equivalent unit of work as Nm.

Using work F d

unit of work unit of force unit of distance Nm

The unit of potential difference is the volt.

Explain how, starting with the meaning of potential difference, we may obtain an equivalent unit of potential difference.

Which of these changes of state describes sublimation?

Figure 21 shows a sealed aerosol can.

The sealed can is taken from a cold room into a warm room.

If the volume of the can remains the same, which of these does not change?

Figure 22 shows a storage heater.

The storage heater contains bricks.

The bricks are heated electrically.

The electrical heater supplies 210 kJ of energy to each brick in the storage heater.

One brick has a mass of 5.8 kg.

The specific heat capacity for the brick is 860 J/kg K.

Use this data to calculate the increase in temperature of the brick.

temperature increase =_........

The actual temperature increase will be smaller than you calculated in (i).

Explain why the actual temperature increase will be smaller than the value in (i).

* (d) Describe an investigation to determine the value for the specific heat capacity of water.

Your answer should include details of

• the apparatus needed

• the experimental procedure

• how the value may be calculated from the measurements taken.

You may draw a diagram to help your answer.

Figure 23 shows a magnet being dropped through a coil.

The coil is connected to a sensitive voltmeter.

Explain why the voltmeter shows a reading as the magnet passes through the coil.

A student develops this investigation to find out how the reading on the voltmeter depends on the height the magnet is dropped from.

Describe how the student could use the arrangement in Figure 23 to do this investigation.

* (b) A transformer converts a voltage of 11 000 V to 230 V.

Explain how the design of this transformer enables the voltage to be converted from 11 000 V to 230 V.

Your answer should include

• details of the structure of a transformer

• how a transformer works, using ideas of electromagnetic induction

• how the design of this transformer enables this exact voltage of 230 V to be obtained.

You may draw a diagram to help your answer.