AQA A Level History Breadth Study: The Age of the Crusades, c1071-1204 June 2019 question paper 7042/1A

Using your understanding of the historical context, assess how convincing the arguments in these three extracts are in relation to the reasons for the survival of the Kingdom of Jerusalem in the years 1099 to 1119.

To what extent was Pope Urban II’s decision to call the First Crusade the result of the Papacy’s desire for supremacy in Europe in the years 1073 to 1095?

To what extent was Outremer weakened by Nureddin in the years 1146 to 1174?

‘Western interventions in the Near East achieved little of significance in the years 1177 to 1204.’

Assess the validity of this view.