AQA A Level History Breadth Study: The Age of the Crusades, c1071-1204 June 2025 question paper 7042/1A

Using your understanding of the historical context, assess how convincing the arguments in these three extracts are in relation to the Papacy’s reasons for the calling of the First Crusade.

‘The rise of ideas of jihad was the main threat to Outremer’s stability in the years 1119 to 1144.’

Assess the validity of this view.

To what extent was Outremer reliant upon the Latin West for its survival in the years 1149 to 1174?

‘Poor Latin Christian leadership was the main reason why attempts to strengthen Outremer failed in the years 1177 to 1204.’

Assess the validity of this view.