OCR GCSE Combined Science B (21st Century) Paper 3 June 2019 question paper

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13 questions

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Nina is looking at a cliff. She shouts and listens to the echoes from the cliff.

(a)

Describe what happens to the sound wave to make an echo.

$Question 1, shown as an image$

absorbed amplified radiated reflected refracted

[1]

Answer

(b)

Which two statements about sound waves are correct?

Tick (✓) two boxes.

$Question 1, shown as an image$

A wave transfers energy from one place to another.

$Question 1, shown as an image$

The number of waves per second is called the period of the wave.

We hear sounds when the air travels to our ears carrying the sound.

[2]

Answer

Jack is investigating an electric current in a wire.

(a)

What is an electric current?

[1]

Answer

(b)

Complete these sentences about current in a wire.

Use words from the list.

You may use each word once, more than once, or not at all.

battery complete circuit diode resistance switch

A current passes through a wire when the wire is connected to a........

A current will not pass unless there is a........

[2]

Answer

(c)

The current in the wire is 0.4 A.

Calculate the electric charge that passes a given point in 30 s.

Use the equation: charge = current × time

[2]

Answer

(d)

Jack thinks the current in the wire will produce a magnetic field.

Describe how Jack can use a magnetic compass to show that the current creates a magnetic field.

[3]

Answer

A minibus travels on a level road.

The mass of the minibus and passengers is 1800 kg.

(a)

The minibus travels at a speed of 20 m/s.

Calculate the kinetic energy of the minibus with all of its passengers.

Use the equation: kinetic energy = 0.5 × mass × (speed)²

[2]

Answer

(b)

The minibus now travels faster. The driver then brakes to a stop.

The braking force is 9000 N and the braking distance is 90 m.

Calculate the work done in stopping the bus.

Assume there are no other forces involved.

[3]

Answer

(c)

The table shows factors that affect the braking distance when the driver has to stop suddenly.

Speed (km/h)	Road conditions	Braking distance (m)
20	dry	40
20	wet	80
30	dry	90
30	wet	180

Complete these sentences to explain the effects of road conditions and speed on braking distance.

(c)(i)

When roads are wet, the braking distance........

because........

[2]

Answer

(c)(ii)

When the minibus is travelling faster, the braking distance........

because........

[2]

Answer

The light we see is called visible radiation.

Visible radiation is part of the electromagnetic spectrum that is shown in the diagram.

(a)

Complete the blank spaces in the diagram by adding the two missing types of radiation.

[2]

Answer

(b)

Complete the sentence about visible radiation.

$Question 4, shown as an image$

Our eyes can detect most of the / a very small / a very large range of frequencies in the electromagnetic spectrum.

[1]

Answer

(a)

The table gives information about different battery powered toys.

Toy	Power input (W)	Potential difference (V)
Jumping dog	1.0	6.0
Talking doll	0.1	3.0
Car	1.5	4.8
Keyboard	0.2	4.5

(a)(i)

[1]

Answer

(a)(ii)

When the keyboard is used, 1.6 C of charge flows through the circuit components.

Calculate the energy transferred in the circuit.

Use the equation: energy transferred = charge × potential difference

[3]

Answer

(b)

A battery powered robot needs a potential difference of 9 V and a current of 0.2 A.

Calculate the power input required by the robot.

[3]

Answer

A cheetah is the fastest land mammal. Cheetahs hunt gazelles.

$Question 6, shown as an image$

(a)

The cheetah has a maximum speed of 30 m/s.

Calculate the time it will take to travel 120 m at maximum speed.

[3]

Answer

(b)

This is a speed-time graph of a gazelle which starts moving.

Describe the motion of the gazelle, using information from the speed-time graph.

[3]

Answer

Some nuclei are radioactive and emit particles of radiation.

(a)

Why are some nuclei radioactive?

[1]

Answer

(b)

(b)(i)

The radioactive source emits one type of radiation.

$Question 7, shown as an image$

To check that cardboard packets of aluminium paper clips are full, the source must emit

alpha particles / beta particles / gamma rays.

[1]

Answer

(b)(ii)

Explain why the type of radiation you chose in (b)(i) is the best choice to use in the factory.

[2]

Answer

(b)(iii)

The radioactive source has a safety-shutter that is closed when it is not in use. This blocks the radiation.

Explain why the safety-shutter is needed.

[2]

Answer

(c)

The nuclei of strontium-90 and uranium-234 are both radioactive.

Complete the decay equations for these two nuclei.

(c)(i)

[2]

Answer

(c)(ii)

[2]

Answer

(a)

A student is given three metal bars that look identical, AB, PQ, and XY.

She carries out some experiments to decide if each bar is a magnet or just an iron bar.

The table shows the results when the metal bars are tested against each other, to see if they

$Question 8, shown as an image$

Arrangement of metal bars	Attract or Repel?
A B P Q	attract
A B X Y	repel
A B Q P	attract
B A X Y	attract

Use the table to decide if each metal bar is a magnet or an iron bar.

Put one tick (✓) in each row.

[1]

Answer

(b)

A strong magnet is used to lift a 220 g metal ball vertically into the air so that it hovers above the ground.

It stays in the same position without moving.

(b)(i)

What is the resultant force on the metal ball?

[1]

Answer

(b)(ii)

[3]

Answer

(b)(iii)

Calculate the force on the 220g metal ball due to the magnet.

Gravitational field strength = 10 N/kg

[4]

Answer

(a)

Describe the wave motion of the rope, using the words amplitude, wavelength and frequency.

Use information from the diagram in your answer.

[3]

Answer

(b)

The mass of one metre of the rope is 1.6 kg. The rope is 15 m long.

Calculate the weight of the rope.

Gravitational field strength = 10 N/kg

[4]

Answer

(c)

Sarah finishes her exercises.

(c)(i)

Which energy store has decreased?

[1]

Answer

(c)(ii)

How was the energy transferred?

[1]

Answer

(c)(iii)

Which energy store has increased?

[1]

Answer

(d)

Kai uses a different rope.

He makes waves with a wavelength of 1.5 m and frequency of 2.2 Hz.

Calculate the wave speed in the rope.

[3]

Answer

Jane has 300 g of water in her water bottle. She adds 50 g of ice and puts the lid on. The total mass is now 350 g, excluding the mass of the water bottle.

(a)

Explain the difference in the way the particles are arranged and the way they behave, in ice and water.

Complete the diagrams to help you explain the difference.

Use ideas from the particle model in your answer.

[4]

Answer

(b)

After 20 minutes there is no ice in the bottle.

Describe what has happened to the particles and why the mass is still 350 g.

Use ideas from the particle model in your answer.

[2]

Answer

(c)

Calculate the energy needed to melt the 50 g of ice.

The specific latent heat of ice = 334 J/g

[2]

Answer

Electrical power is transferred from power stations to homes by the National Grid, as shown in the

Power station
National Grid
Homes

(a)

In the National Grid, what is the name of the devices that change the voltage?

[1]

Answer

(b)

Complete the sentences about the diagram. Use words from the list.

You may use each word once, more than once, or not at all.

decreased increased unchanged

At Point A, the potential difference (voltage) is........

At Point B, the potential difference (voltage) is........

[1]

Answer

(c)

Appliances can be connected to the mains electricity supply in homes using 3-pin plugs.

(c)(i)

What is the potential difference (voltage) of the mains electricity in a home?

[1]

Answer

(c)(ii)

Amaya thinks of a hazard with using mains electricity.

Explain why Amaya is correct.

[2]

Answer

Alex is frying potatoes in oil. Ben is boiling potatoes in water.

Their teacher suggests they compare the specific heat capacities of oil and water.

Alex and Ben set up the apparatus shown in this diagram to measure the specific heat capacity of the oil.

(a)

Explain how they can safely use the apparatus, to take measurements, and to determine the specific heat capacity of the oil.

[3]

Answer

(b)

Alex and Ben repeat their experiment 3 times. Their results are shown in Table 12.1.

Calculate the mean specific heat capacity of the oil, using all the data in Table 12.1.

Mean specific heat capacity =........ kJ/kg °C

[2]

Answer

(c)

Table 12.2 shows accurate values for the specific heat capacities of the oil and water.

Compare the accurate value for the oil with Alex and Ben’s calculated value in (b).

Suggest a reason for the difference, and suggest how they could improve their experiment to get a more accurate result.

[3]

Answer

[6]

Answer

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OCR J260 · Paper 3

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Question 13